An effort was made to study and characterize the evolution of transient tribological wear in the presence of sliding contact. Sliding contact is often characterized experimentally via the standard ASTM D4172 four-ball test, and these tests were conducted for varying times ranging from 10 seconds to 1 hour, as well as at varying temperatures and loads. A numerical model was developed to simulate...

background: testicular torsion is a medical emergency with catastrophic sequelae that deserves the same treatment considerations and concerted efforts in research as any other complicated medical condition. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pausinystalia macroceras (pm) bark extract on sperm quality and serum testosterone levels in testicular torsion in a rat model. methods...

An ionic liquid is a liquid salt consisting of anions and cations. Since Wilkes [1] synthesized a low melting point ionic liquid that is stable in air in 1992, there has been active fundamen‐ tal research and engineering development directed at applications. In the field of tribology, where application is focused toward lubricants, the number of related papers [3]-[28] has in‐ creased every yea...

Current research on room-temperature ionic liquids as lubricants is described. Ionic liquids possess excellent properties such as non-volatility, non-flammability, and thermo-oxidative stability. The potential use of ionic liquids as lubricants was first proposed in 2001 and approximately 70 articles pertaining to fundamental research on ionic liquids have been published through May 2009. A lar...

Today the tool industry on a worldwide basis uses hard, wear-resistant, and low-friction coatings produced by different processes such as electrochemical or electroless methods, spray technologies, thermochemical, chemical-vapor deposition (CVD), and physical vapor deposition (PVD). In the current work, two different coatings, nitrocarburized (CN) and titanium carbonitride (TiCN) on M2-grade to...

Chemically modifying vegetable oils to produce an alternative to petroleum-based materials is one of the most important emerging industrial research areas today because of the adverse effects of petroleum products on the environment and the shortage of petroleum resources. Biolubricants, bioplasticizers, non-isocyanate polyurethanes, biofuel, coating materials, biocomposites, and other value-ad...

One way to improve fuel efficiency in today’s jet aircraft engines is to create an environment for higher operating temperatures and speeds. New and improved lubricants and bearing materials must be developed to remain stable in these elevated operating temperatures. Three lubricants, with varying amounts of tricresyl phosphate added as an anti-wear/extreme pressure additive were tested on two ...

Internationally exploited lubricants are derived from coal and petroleum. Due to their high consumption and effects of their long-term pollution on the environment, it is imperative to use renewable and cheap feedstock for the synthesis of bio-based lubricants. This study presents the synthesis and optimization process of Ethylene Glycol (EG) based bio-lubricant from palm kernel oil. Palm Kerne...

background: the present study investigated the effect of the middle east dust storm episodes on the concentration and composition of pm 10 during april to september 2013 in sanandaj city, western iran. methods: sampling was once every six days, and on dusty days using an omni air sampler. the pm 10 sample was collected on polytetrafluoroethylene filters. average of 24 h values of pm 10 mass con...