Increased extracellular fluid volume (ECF) characterizes compensated cirrhosis. To identify the mechanisms of fluid retention in cirrhosis through clearance methods, 10 control and 10 preascitic rats with CCl(4)-induced cirrhosis were studied following i.v. loading with 1 ml 5% glucose solution. Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were evaluated through inulin and para-aminohippura...

The efficacy of using calcium carbonate as an osmolar control treatment for acid-base studies in horses receiving alkalizing compounds was evaluated. Six mares were nasogastrically intubated with isomolar quantities of sodium or calcium as sodium bicarbonate or calcium carbonate or with water during three treatment periods. Doses of the carbonic acid salts were 500 mg/kg sodium bicarbonate mixe...

The incidence of acute kidney injury induced by contrast media (CI-AKI) is the third cause of AKI in hospitalized patients. Contrast media cause relevant alterations both in renal hemodynamics and in renal tubular cell function that lead to CI-AKI. The vasoconstriction of intrarenal vasculature is the main hemodynamic change induced by contrast media; the vasoconstriction is accompanied by a ca...