Ab btract. To study the relationship between vasopressin and the renal kallikrein-kinin system we measured the rate of excretion of kinins into the urine of anesthetized rats during conditions of increased and decreased vasopressin level. The excretion of immunoreactive kinins in Brattleboro rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus (DI) (24±3 pg min-' kg-') was lower than in the control Long Eva...

1. By immunoperoxidase technique, immunoreactive angiotensin II (ANG II) was located in the cell bodies of many magnocellular neurons in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus and their pathways to median eminence and posterior pituitary gland in the rat. 2. Like vasopressin and its neurophysin, but not oxytocin, ANG II was also found in parvocellular neurons in the supra...

Oxytocin (OT) is critical for lactation and maternal care, but OT and the related nonapeptide vasopressin are important for caregiving behaviors in fathers and alloparents as well. This experiment tested the effects of vasopressin and OT on food sharing in marmoset families. We treated caregivers (parents, siblings) with intranasal vasopressin, OT, or saline, and then paired them with the young...

Vasopressin was determined in CSF and plasma of 243 patients with different neurological and psychiatric disorders, including control patients. CSF vasopressin was significantly higher in patients with high pressure hydrocephalus, intracranial tumour, benign intracranial hypertension, intracranial haemorrhage, ischaemic stroke, and craniocerebral trauma. In patients with primary degenerative de...

Arginine vasopressin plays an important role in volume homeostasis. Patients with heart failure have chronically elevated plasma vasopressin concentrations which may contribute to their clinical syndrome of fluid retention. Recently, a number of agents have been developed to antagonize the effects of vasopressin by targeting its V1a and V2 receptors, which are involved in vascular tone and free...

The pathophysiological role of an increase in circulating vasopressin in sustaining global and regional vasoconstriction in patients with congestive heart failure has not been established, particularly in patients with hyponatraemia. To assess this further, 20 patients with congestive heart failure refractory to digoxin and diuretics were studied before and 60 minutes after the intravenous inje...

In rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus for 10-20 days, we showed that the abundance of the major medullary transport proteins involved in the urinary concentrating mechanism, urea transporter (UT-A1), aquaporin-2 (AQP2), and the Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC2/BSC1), is increased, despite the ongoing osmotic diuresis. To test whether vasopressin is necessary for these diabetes m...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vasopressin versus epinephrine, and both drugs combined, in a porcine model of simulated adult asphyxial cardiac arrest. METHODS AND RESULTS At approximately 7 minutes after the endotracheal tube had been clamped, cardiac arrest was present in 24 pigs and remained untreated for another 8 minutes. After 4 minutes of basic l...

Yao Y, Fu L-Y, Zhang X, van den Pol AN. Vasopressin and oxytocin excite MCH neurons, but not other lateral hypothalamic GABA neurons. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 302: R815–R824, 2012. First published January 18, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00452.2011.—Neurons that synthesize melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) colocalize GABA, regulate energy homeostasis, modulate water intake, and inf...

We report a patient who had an oat cell bronchogenic carcinoma in association with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. There was an unusually long interval between the onset of hyponatraemia and clinically evident malignant disease. Dynamic testing of vasopressin secretion showed preservation of baroregulated, but not osmoregulated, vasopressin release. Immunoreactive vasopressin was de...