objective: this study investigated the effectiveness of mindfulness-based group therapy (mbgt) compared to the usual opioid dependence treatment (tau).thirty outpatients meeting the dsm-iv-tr criteria for opioid dependence from iranian national center for addiction studies (incas) were randomly assigned into experimental (mindfulness-based group therapy) and control groups (the usual treatment)...

introduction: today nano-medicine tries to produce new drugs to reduce the dosage and side effects of their conventional forms. according to the interaction between zinc and opioidergic system activity, this study has investigated the effect of new kind of zinc supplement, nano zinc oxide (nzno), in compared to its conventional form (czno), in presence and absence of opioidergic system activity...

background opium abuse significantly affects the nutritional status of users and frequently leads to undernourishment. methadone maintenance therapy has been used as one of the possible ways to prevent of infection diseases such as hiv and hepatitis b and c and improve the quality of life in opioid-dependent patients. objectives the aim of this study was to assess the anthropometric and socio-d...

recent studies have shown that glucocorticoids may have modulatory effect on anxiety reactions. this effect may occur with opioid system interference. according to that, the purpose of this research is to assess the effect of dexamethasone as glucocorticoid agonist and its interaction with opioidergic system on the anxiety modulatory effect in plus maze model in mice. male white mice with mediu...

Inhalant abuse is defined as inhalation of solvents or volatile organic substances for pleasure or short term enjoyment. The most common d material is glue due to its low price and easy access. Glue solvent sniffing produces fast and pleasurable experience to the abuser. Glue normally contains toluene will then metabolite to hippuric acid and excreted in urine for glue sniffer’s. A mobile G.S. ...

BACKGROUND Methamphetamine (MA) is a highly addictive stimulant which has destructive effects. There is also evidence that methamphetamine use in some females, partly is due to their desire to lose weight. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between family flexibility, food preoccupation and body image among crystal abuser women. OBJECTIVES This study tried to evaluate ...

OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore experiences of abuse of women, and the way it was described and hinted at, in a group of women suffering from biomedically undefined long-term musculo-skeletal pain (UMSD). METHOD Twenty women patients participated. Data were gained through repeated semi-structured interviews conducted over 2 years and qualitatively analysed according to grounded theory. RESUL...

BACKGROUND Co-use of heroin kerack with methamphetamine (MA) is a new epidemic health concern among Iranian female drug users. Yet, little is known about this issue because of stigma. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to investigate the reasons associated with initial and continued co-use of heroin kerack with MA among two groups of regular and recreational female co-users, their motivations...

Office-based buprenorphine-naloxone (Suboxone) treatment in the United States has significantly improved access to safe and effective opioid-dependence therapy. Little data from physicians' experiences prescribing Suboxone in private offices have been available. This retrospective chart review describes a family practitioner's first 2 years of clinical experience prescribing Suboxone for opioid...

This policy brief reviews the evidence to date on providing antiretroviral (ARV) therapy to HIV-positive injecting drug users. A number of related medical, psychological and social issues are also addressed including the need to manage drug interactions and the benefi t of harm reduction interventions in supporting optimum care for HIV-positive injecting drug users. General issues related to HI...