The Doctor of Liberal Arts (DLA) is designed for the experienced adult learner who wishes to pursue rigorous interdisciplinary study along with independent, scholarly reading and research. The degree is designed to cultivate interdisciplinary skills, intellectual habits, analytical and critical reasoning, effective writing, and broad-based decision making. The DLA is primarily for working profe...

The study was performed to determine the gestational age of preterm infants that requires amikacin therapeutic drug monitoring. A study was conducted in preterm infants on amikacin therapy with gestational age of 28 to 36 weeks. Therapeutic drug monitoring in preterm infants was performed based on their individual pharmacokinetics to avoid ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Its prerequisite, becau...

Proper levels of gene expression are important for normal mammalian development. Typically, altered gene dosage caused by karyotypic abnormalities results in embryonic lethality or birth defects. Segmental aneuploidy can be compatible with life but often results in contiguous gene syndromes. The ability to manipulate the mouse genome allows the systematic exploration of regions that are affecte...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that use of aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be associated with reduced risk of lung cancer, but the data are inconsistent and are limited particularly with respect to the effects of aspirin, separate from other NSAIDs. METHODS The Iowa Women's Health Study is a prospective cohort of 41,836 Iowa women ages 55 to 69 y...

BACKGROUND There have been few clinical studies on 10 mg atorvastatin as a starting dosage for treatment of hypercholesterolemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the efficacy of 10 mg dosage of atorvastatin in clinical setting. METHODS One hundred five enrolled patients with high levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, > 100 ...

OBJECTIVES To study the effect of an individualized treatment approach with regard to dosage intervals between infliximab infusions on the clinical outcome of pediatric Crohn's disease (CD). PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of medical records of all pediatric patients with CD who had been treated with infliximab between 1999 and 2007 in two Swedish counties, where an individualiz...

The effects of nonsteroidal mycotoxin zearalenone on the lymphoid tissue of thymus in a sense of investigating the subacute toxicity Wistar-albino rats have been examined in the course of the study. We analyzed 42 rats' specimens of both gender, treated with three dosage levels: 0,5; 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight, after oral submission of the compound, and observed during three different time in...

Background and Study Aim: Esophageal variceal bleeding is a major medical emergency and one of the most important indications for hospital admission and for blood transfusion. However, the safest and the effective blood transfusion strategy is controversial. Here, we studied the safety and the effectiveness of the restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategies in patients with esophageal var...

purpose: propofol is one of the most common drugs used in anesthesia induction and the pain during its intravenous injection is one of the most important side effectsthat it has. therefore, many methods and drugs have been examined so far to reduce or eliminate this side effect. in this study a lot the effects of alfentanil, magnesium sulfate and ketamine drugs on reducing the pain during intra...