Recent adaptive radiations provide striking examples of convergence [1-4], but the predictability of evolution over much deeper timescales is controversial, with a scarcity of ancient clades exhibiting repetitive patterns of phenotypic evolution [5, 6]. Army ants are ecologically dominant arthropod predators of the world's tropics, with large nomadic colonies housing diverse communities of soci...

Intergroup violence is common among humans worldwide. To assess how within-group social dynamics contribute to risky, between-group conflict, we conducted a 3-y longitudinal study of the formation of raiding parties among the Nyangatom, a group of East African nomadic pastoralists currently engaged in small-scale warfare. We also mapped the social network structure of potential male raiders. He...

Geographic range size is often conceptualized as a fixed attribute of a species and treated as such for the purposes of quantification of extinction risk; species occupying smaller geographic ranges are assumed to have a higher risk of extinction, all else being equal. However many species are mobile, and their movements range from relatively predictable to-and-fro migrations to complex irregul...

The expansion of the Iranian peoples in first centuries 1st millennium BCE coincides with creation and further development cavalry warfare western Eurasia, as well pastoral nomadic life-style which dominated Great Steppe for millennia to come. mounted warriors replaced light chariots Bronze Age battlefields required perfect horsemanship however application recurved, double reflex. composite bow...

Million of wireless device users are ever on the move, becoming more dependent on their PDAs, smart phones, and other handheld devices. With the advancement of pervasive computing, new and unique capabilities are available to aid mobile societies. The wireless nature of these devices has fostered a new era of mobility. Thousands of pervasive devices are able to arbitrarily join and leave a netw...

BACKGROUND Recent advances in automated assessment of basic vocabulary lists allow the construction of linguistic phylogenies useful for tracing dynamics of human population expansions, reconstructing ancestral cultures, and modeling transition rates of cultural traits over time. METHODS Here we investigate the Tupi expansion, a widely-dispersed language family in lowland South America, with ...

Hippie [1] is an internet-based guide offering added value to current information facilities by supporting the multiplicity of activities during the preparation, the execution and the evaluation of a museum/fair visit. The process orientation is made possible by the nomadic characteristic [2] of the system that allows the user to have access to his or her personal information space from all pla...

The present study was conducted with the aim of effecting consumer media on the Indicators of rural and nomadic lifestyle Gilane Gharb in 2017 by descriptive method. The statistical population consists of youths of 20-34 years old in rural and nomadic of Gilane Gharb. The multi-stage cluster sampling method was used and the sample size was 381 based on Cochran's formula. The data were collected...