Orthotopic rat liver transplantation (OLT) is a complex microsurgical procedure extensively applied to basic science, myriad complications can occur, but incision-related self-biting has not been reported after OLT. For the project of tolerance induction through stem cells, we performed OLT from Lewis Brown Norway (BN) rats as an acute rejection model and divided study was into transverse incis...

BACKGROUND Untreated immunization pain causes undue distress and contributes to underimmunization through physician, and possibly parental, resistance to multiple simultaneous injections. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacies of two pain management methods in reducing immediate immunization injection pain and distress in school-aged children. DESIGN A randomized, controlled clinical trial of ...

The creation of medicines' fixed combinations from compounds with complementary effects is one the most popular directions in modern pharmacology and pharmaceutics. In case nifedipine lidocaine combination such approach quite obvious. present review article devoted to analysis clinical non-clinical studies results on assessment pharmacokinetic characteristics these medicines. Although oral rout...

background: morphine and lidocaine are known to influence the perception of pain. the present study sought to determine the influence of local administration of morphine on lidocaine-induced analgesia in morphine non-dependent (mnd), morphine dependent (md) and morphine withdrawal (mw) animals. methods: adult male wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, mnd, md and mw rats. lidocain...

chronic anal fissure is the most common cause of anal pain associated with internal anal sphincter hypertonia. reduction of hypertonocity is a special treatment for fissure healing. for this purpose chronic anal fissures were conventionally treated by anal dilatation or by lateral sphincterotomy. however, both of these methods may cause a degree of incontinence in some patients. the uptake of m...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects adults and children and has a negative impact on quality of life. The present multicentre randomized double-blind controlled trial showed a barrier-improving cream (5% urea) to be superior to a reference cream in preventing eczema relapse in patients with AD (hazard ratio 0.634, p = 0.011). The risk of eczema relapse was reduced by 37% (95% confidence interval (95...

Ice cream contains high sugar content and therefore it is in contradiction with the concept of healthy diet. The objective of this study is to determine the suitability of using stevia as an alternative natural sweetener in making ice cream. Inhouse ice cream formulation (as the control) and three different concentrations of stevia ice cream formulations of (A, B and C) were used. Physical prop...