Leafless elementary trapping sets (LETSs) are known to be the problematic structures in the error floor region of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes over the additive white Gaussian (AWGN) channel under iterative decoding algorithms. While problems involving the general category of trapping sets, and the subcategory of elementary trapping sets (ETSs), have been shown to be NP-hard, similar r...

Abstract. Purpose. The study is aimed at carrying out an adaptation assessment of arid fodder shrubs for the restoration degraded pasture ecosystems in semi-desert zone southern Russia modern conditions climate aridization. Methods. An given adaptive capabilities, including field germination seeds, response to drought, yield leafless Calligonum aphyllum, Eurotia ceratoides, and Kochia prostrata...

In most algorithms involving elliptic and hyperelliptic curves, the costliest part consists in computing multiples of ideal classes. This paper investigates how to compute faster doubling over fields of characteristic two. We derive explicit doubling formulae making strong use of the defining equation of the curve. We analyze how many field operations are needed depending on the curve making cl...

This paper presents a new shape for ordinary elliptic curves over fields of characteristic 2. Using the new shape, this paper presents the first complete addition formulas for binary elliptic curves, i.e., addition formulas that work for all pairs of input points, with no exceptional cases. If n ≥ 3 then the complete curves cover all isomorphism classes of ordinary elliptic curves over F2n . Th...

The present experiments tested the claim that phonological recoding occurs "automatically" by assessing whether it uses central attention in the context of the psychological refractory period paradigm. Task 1 was a tone discrimination task and Task 2 was reading aloud. The joint effects of long-lag word repetition priming and stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) were underadditive in Experiment 1, s...

In this paper we study the local behavior of a solution to the Lamé system when the Lamé coefficients λ and μ satisfy that μ is Lipschitz and λ is essentially bounded in dimension n ≥ 2. One of the main results is the local doubling inequality for the solution of the Lamé system. This is a quantitative estimate of the strong unique continuation property. Our proof relies on Carleman estimates w...

For nonlinear control systems with uncontrollable linearization around an equilibrium, the local asymptotic stability of the linear controllable directions can be easily achieved by linear feedback. Therefore we expect that the stabilizability of the whole system should depend on a reduced order model whose stabilizability depends on the linearly uncontrollable directions. The controlled center...

We report on numerical results for certain families of S-unimodal maps with flat critical point. For four one-parameter families, differing in their amount of flatness, we study the Feigenbaum-limits α and δ. There seems to be a finite δ and a finite α associated with each period doubling cascade in each family. Some rough numerical estimates are obtained. One would expect that these numbers sh...

Possessors may occupy a DF position within DP, either in SPEC DP, or adjoined to NP, in line with Bresnan’s (2011) Endocentric Mapping Principles. Their default discourse function is that of ANCHOR. This accounts for phenomena such as possessor doubling, and alternative positions for possessors with different semantic and pragmatic constraints.

In this paper we prove that all the hyperbolic components of the family λ tan z except the punctured unit disk are simply connected. Then, restricting λ to the imaginary axis, We show that there is a “Sharkovskii-like” ordering of the periods of the hyperbolic components. Finally, again for λ in the imaginary axis, we show that period doubling phenomena occur.