This study presents a suggestion for improvement of the ion temperature (Ti) model in International Reference Ionosphere (IRI). We have re-examined data (primarily available from NASA’s Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF)from older satellites and combined them with newly Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), Communication Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS), recently launche...

Nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) was originally developed using an efficient and high-loading capacity system to encapsulate irinotecan within a liposomal carrier, producing a therapeutic agent with improved biodistribution and pharmacokinetic characteristics compared to free drug. Specifically, administration of nal-IRI results in prolonged exposure of SN-38, the active metabolite of irinote...

evaluating existing flexible pavement condition is a pre-requisite to choose improvement technique that has to be adopted to enhance its quality. to evaluate existing pavements, non-destructive testing methods are desirable. benkelman beam and 5th wheel bump integrator are used to conduct non-destructive tests like deflection and roughness surveys on the existing pavement of 4 lane divided carr...

The International Reference Ionosphere model 2001 (IRI-2001) is one of the most comprehensive empirical models of the ionosphere and has been widely used to estimate the electron density profiles in the altitude ranging from about 60 to 2000 km and the total electron content (TEC) at any given location, time and date, which reflect smooth-average global ionospheric behaviors. However, whether i...

In order to improve the prediction accuracy of ionospheric total electron content (TEC), a combined intelligent model (MMAdapGA-BP-NN) based on multi-mutation, multi-cross adaptive genetic algorithm (MMAdapGA) and back propagation neural network (BP-NN) was proposed. The combines international reference ionosphere (IRI), statistical machine learning (SML), BP-NN, MMAdapGA. Compared with IRI, SM...

The paper presents the color image segmentation based on rough-set approach has been proposed. The color image segmentation is one of the most challenging tasks particularly in the area of image analysis, computer vision, and pattern recognition. In this paper, the proposed algorithm based on roughness index to calculate the peaks and valleys values. Based on peak and valley values to achieve b...

A short-term ionospheric forecasting empirical regional model (IFERM) has been developed to predict the state of the critical frequency of the F2 layer (foF2) under different geomagnetic conditions. IFERM is based on 13 short term ionospheric forecasting empirical local models (IFELM) developed to predict foF2 at 13 ionospheric observatories scattered around the European area. The forecasting p...