2 In August 1914 I was torn between an intense curiosity to see war at close quarters, an intense objection to killing people, both mixed with ideas of public duty and doubt as to whether I could endure danger.

The molecular specification of central circuits that coordinate expression of innate behaviors in response to specific sensory cues from the environment remains a puzzle. In this issue of Neuron, Choi, Dong, and colleagues used expression profiling and genetic axonal tracing to visualize a hypothalamic point of convergence for defensive and reproductive olfactory cues that may function as a gat...

Male courtship in Drosophila melanogaster is a robust innate behavior that is shaped by sensory input and experience. It is regulated by the general sex-determination pathway through the sex-specific forms of fruitless and doublesex. Recent findings have shown that both fruitless and doublesex are required for courtship. This chapter reviews the role of these proteins and the neurons that expre...

The title-poem in Sherrington’s The Assaying of Brabantius (1925) is a substantial piece taking up about three-sevenths of the volume. A third of the remaining poems ascertainably belong to the period of the First World War, but this visionary allegory with a quasi-mediaeval setting offers itself as a relatively early work. Its theme of the sinner redeemed by the innocent love for a boy (yet co...

“the negro” is a short story written by zakariyya tamer the syrian writer based on surrealistic principles and is affected by freud’s theories of the psychoanalysis. the narrative type in this story is stream of consciousness and the style of writing is based on unconsciousness ground. thus, the characters and the events of the story have been aroused of the unconsciousness of the writer. accor...

Conflict with conspecifics from neighbouring groups over territory, mating opportunities and other resources is observed in many social organisms, including humans. Here we investigate the evolutionary origins of social instincts, as shaped by selection resulting from between-group conflict in the presence of a collective action problem. We focus on the effects of the differences between indivi...