The mechanical testing in heavy liquid metals is performed order to obtain information about the influence of metal on Generation IV candidate construction materials. For environment, it required test comparably with standards air at high temperatures. paper summarizes approach measurement properties such environment. Potential issues force and deformation are analyzed examples specific use pro...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to organise an assessment of the physical strains and environmental exposure to hydrocarbon derivatives in persons involved in shoreline clean-up of heavy oil products, in order to investigate the dangers of oil spill clean-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-three healthy volunteers wearing protective equipment cleaning up an artificial shoreline underwent card...

Marine shales exhibit unusual behavior at low temperatures under anoxic gas flow. They generate catalytic gas 300 degrees below thermal cracking temperatures, discontinuously in aperiodic episodes, and lose these properties on exposure to trace amounts of oxygen. Here we report a surprising reversal in hydrocarbon generation. Heavy hydrocarbons are formed before light hydrocarbons resulting in ...

Fungi form the biggest microbial biomass and are key drivers of hydrocarbon biodegradation. We here describe standard cultivation methods for fungi that use hydrocarbons either as sole carbon and energy source or co-metabolically degrade them. The methods include both liquid (Protocols 1 and 2) and solid-state cultivation approaches (Protocol 3) as well as a versatile protocol to monitor fungal...

The numerical simulation of the dynamic interaction between hydrocarbon reservoirs and wells has been an object of study for over three decades. Such a coupled approach is necessary to solve a variety of dynamic flow problems, such as pressure transient analysis (well testing) with wellbore storage, liquid loading, near-well reservoir clean-up, unstable gas lift, or the development of smart wel...

The reflection coefficient of longitudinal 25-GHz phonons at a quartz-liquid 4He interface was measured for various phonon intensities. For thoroughly cleaned quartz surfaces a reflection coefficient of I independent of the incident intensity was found. When the sample was covered with a thin hydrocarbon film, however, the reflection coefficient dropped by typically 5-10% when the phonon intens...