the letter of credit as a method of smoothing international payment is a conditional security and obligation to pay the customer bank (issuing bank) to seller (applicant). for this purpose, the letters of credit may be considered as the most usual method of payment of goods price in international trade. the classic form of letters of credit is the commercial letters of credit whose financial ob...

Purpose This study simultaneously explores the nexus among formal, semiformal and informal credit markets farm households' demand determinants in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach uses a multistage stratified random sampling process for survey of 648 smallholder farmers Red River Delta (RRD), The trivariate probit model (TVPM) is used to address interdependence demands different markets. Fin...

This study examines the impacts of multiple agricultural technology adoption on poverty in rural Amhara region, Ethiopia. The is based Ethiopian socio economic survey 2015/16. A total 656 farm households were included. employed Multinomial Logit model to identify determinants and Endogenous Switching Models measure effect poverty. results revealed that educational level household head, family s...

1 Background Credit cards have been widely used in the USA. The industry has matured so much that most households hold many credit cards and most consumers use credit cards as means of payment. They usually maintain their records on credit cards. In the USA, a total amount of credit card balances is about $700 billion. Because of the wide usage of credit cards, the term of cards is becoming a m...

This study examined the determinants of rural household agriculture credit fungibility (CF). The found agricultural CF among farmers, with approximately 79% farmers involved in CF. Household financial burden was to be main cause studied farmers. Most fungible used for clothing and food consumption. A probit model employed analyze survey data collected from four regions Ghana. We an instrumental...