This article is a short comprehensive review describing in vitro polyester synthesis catalyzed by a hydrolysis enzyme of lipase, most of which has been developed for these two decades. Polyesters are prepared by repeated ester bond-formation reactions; they include two major modes, ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic monomers such as cyclic esters (lactones) and condensation polymerizat...

Acid hydrolysis of myo-inositol 1,3,5-orthoesters, apart from orthoformates, exclusively affords the corresponding 2-O-acyl myo-inositol products via a 1,2-bridged five-membered ring dioxolanylium ion intermediate observed by NMR spectroscopy. These C-2-substituted inositol derivatives provide valuable precursors for rapid and highly efficient routes to 2-O-acyl inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosp...

In this study, we present the results from the semiempirical molecular orbital calculations for the acylation step in the lipase-catalyzed ester hydrolysis. The results reveal that the lowest energy path for the formation of the tetrahedral intermediate is for the serine residue of the catalytic triad to attack the substrate, followed by coupling heavy atom movement and proton transfer. The cal...

Optical resolution of racemic 5-oxo-1-phenyl-pyrazolidine-3-carboxylic acid 2 with L-amino acid methyl ester via the diastereomers formation was investigated. Treatment of racemic 5-oxo-1-phenylpyrazolidine-3-carboxylic acid 2 with L-valine methyl ester gave diastereomers with a total yield of 86%. The diastereomeric dipeptides can be easily separated by flash column chromatography. Acidic clea...

We report here the direct formation of the new chemical product trans-2,5-dihydroxy-3-pentenoic acid methyl ester from pentoses using tin-containing silicates as catalysts. The product is formed under alkali-free conditions in methanol at temperatures in the range 140–180 C. The highest yields are found using Sn-Beta as the catalyst. Under optimised conditions, a yield of 33% is achieved. Purif...

A stereoselective practical synthetic route to indolmycin is described. The route is composed of the regioselective coupling of indolyl magnesium halide with a trans-epoxy ester, diastereoselective oxazolone ring formation with guanidine and amine exchange reaction with methylamine. In the coupling step, use of dichloromethane as co-solvent and conversion of the resulting hydroxy ester to the h...

A fluorescent sensor prochelator, FlamB (fluorescein hydrizido 2-imidophenylboronic ester), has been developed that selectively probes for copper under conditions of oxidative stress. High levels of hydrogen peroxide trigger the release of a boronic ester masking group from the prochelator to unveil a metal chelator, FlamS (fluorescein hydrizido 2-imidophenol), that provides a modest fluorescen...

As a green material, used date pits oil is increasingly utilized as inexpensive feedstock for ethyl ester (biodiesel) production. Waste date pits as a raw material are one of the highly produced agricultural wastes in Iran. This study investigated the effect of several procedure parameters including the ethanol/oil molar ratio, reaction temperature and amount of catalysts on the yield of the pr...

Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is associated with atherosclerotic heart and vessel disease, but a causal relationship between this pathogen and the disease process has not been established. Recently, it was reported that C. pneumoniae induces human macrophage foam cell formation, a key event in early atheroma development, suggesting a role for the organism in atherogenesis. This study further e...