Research has shown that incorporating eye tracking in usability research can provide certain benefits compared with traditional usability testing. There are various methodologies available when conducting research using eye trackers. This paper presents the results of a study aimed to compare the outcomes from four different retrospective think aloud (RTA) methods in a webusability study: an un...

Two-side surface photovoltage TS-SPV based on measuring SPV from both wafer sides is proposed as the approach for silicon iron contamination monitoring. TS-SPV is applied to follow diffusion of implanted iron in a lightly doped p-type silicon during rapid thermal anneal RTA . Good correlation is found between the iron distribution versus RTA conditions in the range of 375–1100 °C. The impact of...

Increased knowledge on the genetics, the pathophysiology, the natural history and the treatment of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) has begun to clarify this often confusing field. To help pediatricians better acquainted with the physiological and genetic basis of the various types of RTA, to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment with the ultimate aim of preventing the significant growth failure...

The replication and transcription activator (RTA) protein of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus 8 functions as the key regulator to induce KSHV lytic replication from latency through activation of the lytic cascade of KSHV. Elucidation of the host factors involved in RTA-mediated transcriptional activation is pivotal for understanding the transition between vi...

The replication and transcriptional activator (Rta), encoded by ORF50 of gammaherpesviruses, initiates the lytic cycle of gene expression; therefore understanding the impact of Rta on viral and cellular gene expression is key to elucidating the transcriptional events governing productive infection and reactivation from latency. To this end, the impact of altering Rta transcription on viral and ...

The recombined ricin A chain protein (RTA) was transported into living cells by multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) as a cellular carrier, as performed by natural ricin B chain protein (RTB). The conjugate of the toxin protein RTA and MWNT was found to translocate to the cytoplasm of various cell lines and performed biological functions, as evidenced by the induction of cell death. The deliver...

The plant cytotoxin ricin enters mammalian cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis, undergoing retrograde transport to the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) where its catalytic A chain (RTA) is reductively separated from the holotoxin to enter the cytosol and inactivate ribosomes. The currently accepted model is that the bulk of ER-dislocated RTA is degraded by proteasomes. We show in the present study...

Ricin is known as a potent toxin against animals. It consists of two chains, Ricin Toxin A (RTA) and Ricin Toxin B (RTB). The toxic effect is known to be caused by RTA. Inhibitors for RTA with less efficiency have been reported. Hence, it is of interest to identify new inhibitors. Virtual screening methods (computer aided drug designing) to find similar molecules in drug database were used for ...

Preface The RTA list of open problems was created in 1991 by Jean-Pierre Jouannaud, Jan Willem Klop, and the rst author 21] on the occasion of the Fourth International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications (RTA). Updated lists have since been published at RTA '93 22] and RTA '95 23]. Bending to these electronic times, we have recently placed a combined list on the worldwide web at...

An immunotoxin composed of an antibody to the human transferrin receptor (454A12) and ricin A chain (RTA) was shown to inhibit the growth of NIH:OVCAR-3 tumors in a nude mouse model of human ovarian cancer. Inhibition of tumor growth by 454A12-RTA was related to the dose administered. The antitumor activity of the immunotoxin was blocked by coinjection of excess antibody with immunotoxin. An im...