Irrigated agriculture can modify the cycling and transport of nitrogen (N), due to associated water diversions, water losses, and changes in transport flow-paths. We investigate dominant processes behind observed long-term changes in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations and loads of the extensive (465,000 km2) semi-arid Amu Darya River basin (ADRB) in Central Asia. We specifically ...

jamal–od-din al-asadabadi (1838-1897) is one of the greatest reformers in modern islamic history. he has valuable views and suggestions of advancement of the islamic world and unity among muslims, and he is one of the pioneers of the fight against despotism and colonialism. the reformer thinker has paid many attempts for the renewal of religious understanding that fits contemporary necessities....

muhammad ibn hamed isfahani more popularly known as imad ad-din al-isfahani was a persian historian, scholar, and rhetorician. he left a valuable anthology of arabic poetry to accompany his many historical works. and worked as a man of letters during the zengid and ayyubid period. he was born in isfahan in the year 1125, and studied at the nizamiyya school in baghdad. he graduated into the bure...

Abstract This article introduces Julius Heise’s Marche Triomphale which reveals a history that was eliminated during the nineteenth century race theory publications. Beginning with an account of Iranians’ encounters European military music, this provides brief Iranian bands in style, or muzikānchiān . It then addresses racial motivations behind short on music 1885 by Victor Advielle, French adm...

This paper will report on lessons learned from two studies using blended learning courses involving past and present experience of the authors. Will also discuss the importance of online asynchronous discussions in the teaching and learning process. The paper concludes with suggested guidelines for the use of asynchronous online discussions, considered useful for instructors who teach for the f...