A forced Korteweg–de Vries (fKdV) equation can be used to model the surface wave of a twodimensional water flow over a bump when the upstream Froude number is near one. The fKdV model typically has four types of solutions: sub-critical cnoidal waves, sub-critical hydraulic fall, transcritical upstream soliton radiation, and supercritical multiple solitary waves. This paper provides a numerical ...

This paper provides a theoretical description of the 3-dimensional flow produced by a surface pressure distribution moving in a channel at speeds such that the Froude number based on depth is near 1. The transient flow begins in a fully 3-dimensional manner, then focuses away from the distribution, due to the side walls, into predominantly 2-dimensional "solitary" or "cnoidal" waves. Two sets o...

The flow generated by a sphere descending uniformly in a linearly stratified diffusive fluid is investigated numerically for different Reynolds (Re) and Froude (F ) numbers. The parameters used for the simulations were 10 ≤ Re ≤ 10 and 10 ≤ F ≤ 10, keeping the Schmidt number, Sc (= 700, typical of sea water) fixed. The results demonstrate drag dependence on viscosity and stratification, suggest...

In previous work, we investigated two-dimensional steady gravity-capillary waves generated by a localized pressure distribution moving with constant speed U in water of finite depth h . Localized solitary waves can only exist in subcritical flows where the Froude number F = U/(gh) < 1 , and were found using a combination of numerical simulations of the fully nonlinear inviscid, irrotational equ...

We consider the Euler equations describing nonlinear waves on the free surface of a twodimensional inviscid, irrotational fluid layer of finite depth. For large surface tension, Bond number larger than 1=3, and Froude number close to 1, the system possesses a one-parameter family of small-amplitude, traveling solitary wave solutions. We show that these solitary waves are spectrally stable with ...

spur dike is an important element for protection of river banks. spur dike causes variations in flow field, sediment transport and bed topography. the mechanism of flow and sediment transport in a channel bend is very complex, especially when a spur dike is constructed in a bend. in this paper the time variations of dimension of the scour hole and the bed’s topography were considered around a t...

abstract for investigating the effect of bed form in alluvial channels on the amount of bed load transport, a set of experiments was carried out in a tilting flume under unsteady flow conditions (hydrograph). the produced hydrographs were in triangular form with a maximum discharge of 30 to 45 lit/s/m. three size of sediment particles were used with equal to 1.5, 2.1 and 3.0mm, clear water with...