Nocturnal heart rate variability (HRV) is thought to reflect healthy recovery function of the autonomic nervous system. Although exercise is recommended for health promotion, exercise itself decreases HRV. We studied acute effect of daytime exercise on nocturnal HRV in 5 healthy adults (age, 22-40 years; 2 female subjects) without regular exercise habit. Using a treadmill, they performed 30-min...

Mammalian free-running circadian rhythms are entrained to the external light/dark cycle by photic signaling to the suprachiasmatic nuclei via the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT). We investigated the circadian entrainment and clock properties of math5-/- mutant mice. math5 is a critical regulator of retinal ganglion cell development; math5-/- mice show severe optic nerve hypoplasia. By anterograd...

Abstract Artificial light at night has rapidly spread around the globe over last decades. Evidence is increasing that it adverse effects on behavior, physiology, and survival of animals plants with consequences for species interactions ecosystem functioning. For example, artificial disrupts plant-pollinator this can have plant reproductive output. By experimentally illuminating natural communit...

The tremendous advancement of cities has caused changes to the urban subsurface. Urban climate problems have become increasingly prominent, especially with regard intensification heat island (UHI) effect. local zone (LCZ) is a new quantitative method for analyzing that based on kind surface and can effectively deal problem hazy distinction between rural areas in UHI effect research. LCZs are wi...

Human sleep-wake cycles are entrained by both natural and artificial light-dark cycles. However, little is known regarding when and how the photoperiod changes entrain the biological clock after conception. To investigate the dependence of sleep patterns in young infants on the natural and artificial light-dark cycles, 1,302 pairs of one-month-old infants and their mothers were asked to answer ...