The carotid body (CB) is a peripheral chemoreceptor organ that contains clusters of electrically excitable secretory cells, the glomus cells, which express several types of membrane ion channels that influence its excitability. These cells act as sensors or chemotransducers, detecting different chemical stimuli and triggering an action potential in the afferent fibres that lie in synaptic appos...

This research evaluated the protective effect of vitamin A (VA) on adverse fish oil (FO) substitution with palm (PO) in an economical crab Eriocheir sinensis. Three diets FO, PO, and PO + 8000 IU / kg VA as main lipid sources were fed to crab...

Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, E-50059 Zaragoza, Spain ([email protected];[email protected];[email protected];[email protected]). Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias and Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zar...

Both cellular and clinical studies have shown that hyperthermia is one of the most potent sensitizers for the action of ionizing radiation. Although hyperthermic improvement in clinical outcome is suggested to be linked to its ability to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and to activate the immune system and to cause increases in blood flow and tumor oxygenation, the mechanism behind this...

The clinical use of doxorubicin (DOX) is limited by a dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether voluntary exercise training would confer protection against DOX cardiotoxicity in the isolated perfused rat heart. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to standard holding cages or cages with running wheels for 8 wk. Twenty-four hours after the sed...

BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predominantly the consequence of chronic smoking exposure, but its development may be influenced by genetic variants that affect lung remodelling, inflammation, and defence from oxidant stress. A study was undertaken to determine whether genetic variants within genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catala...

The composition of antioxidant enzymes, especially superoxide dismutase (SOD), was studied in one nontransgenic and three transgenic lines of nodulated alfalfa plants. Transgenic lines overproduced MnSOD in the mitochondria of nodules and leaves (line 1-10), MnSOD in the chloroplasts (line 4-6), and FeSOD in the chloroplasts (line 10-7). In nodules of line 10-7, the absence of transgene-encoded...

Superoxide dismutases (SOD) convert superoxide radicals into less damaging hydrogen peroxide. The opportunistic human pathogen Candida albicans is known to express CuZnSOD (SOD1) and MnSOD (SOD3) in the cytosol and MnSOD (SOD2) in the mitochondria. We identified three additional CuZn-containing superoxide dismutases, SOD4, SOD5, and SOD6, within the sequence of the C. albicans genome. The trans...

Reactive oxygen species paradoxically underpin both ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage and ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) cardioprotection. Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3 PUFA) are highly susceptible to peroxidation, but are paradoxically cardioprotective. This study tested the hypothesis that LCn-3 PUFA cardioprotection is underpinned by peroxidation, upregulating antio...