Cyclophosphamide (CTX), has been widely used for treating various human malignancies as well as autoimmune disease. Although CTX could rapidly decrease the response of immune system, it also could result in severe adverse effects, such as hemorrhagic cystitis (HC). In this study, we investigated the occurrence of HC in patients taking CTX from Chinese Han population and divided all cases into d...

PURPOSE The optimal adjuvant therapy modality for treating pN2 non-small cell lung cancer patients has not yet been established. In this study, the authors investigated clinical outcomes following three different adjuvant therapy modalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2006 to December 2012, 240 patients with cN0/1 disease were found to have pN2 disease following curative resection and...

Major drawbacks of chemotherapeutic agents are their toxic side effects and lack of tumor specificity. Immunological and biochemical studies were here carried out to investigate protective effects of ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata against cyclophosphamide (CTX) induced toxicity in vivo. Intraperitoneal administration of the extract significantly increased the total WBC account (32...

The thymus is the major site of selection and differentiation of T cells in mammals and birds. To begin to study the evolution of thymocyte differentiation, we have developed, in the frog Xenopus, an in vitro system that takes advantage of cortical thymocyte antigen (CTX), a recently discovered T cell antigen whose expression is restricted to Xenopus cortical thymocytes. Upon transient stimulat...

Background: The combination of doxorubicin (DOX) with paclitaxel (PTX) effectively treats breast cancer (BC). However,DOX-associated cardiotoxicity (CTX) is aggravated by the use PTX. Consensus lacking about which drug sequence involves most CTX. Objectives: To evaluate whether DOX followed PXT or reverse has greatest cardiotoxic potential in treatment BC. Methods: Prospective study women prima...

Salmonella spp. is one of the most important food-borne pathogens causing digestive tract and invasive infections in both humans and animals. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) especially the CTX-M-type ESBLs are increasingly being reported worldwide and in China. These studies seldom focused on Salmonella isolates from food-producing animals. The aim of this study was to characterize the a...

BACKGROUND Cardiac transplantation (CTX) improves exercise tolerance, but CTX recipients still achieve only 50% to 70% of normal values for exercise capacity. Among the factors suggested to explain the reduced exercise tolerance in CTX recipients is deconditioning. Little is known about the relation between physical activity patterns and exercise test responses in CTX patients. METHODS Forty-...

Gliomas are primary brain tumors that arise from differentiated glial cells through a poorly understood malignant transformation. Although glioma cells retain some genetic and antigenic features common to glial cells, they show a remarkable degree of antigenic heterogeneity and variable mutations in their genome. Glioma cells have recently been shown to express a glioma-specific chloride ion ch...

INTRODUCTION CTX-M enzymes are the most prevalent extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Brazil and around the world. The spread of CTX-M lies in their ability to be mobilized by insertion sequences and integrons. This study aimed to identify the mobile genetic structures associated with bla(CTX-M) genes from clinical Enterobacteriaceae strains. METHODOLOGY Twenty-eight clinical non-clo...