management a strategic priority in their organizations? The reason is that conflict has key effects on productivity, decision making, and retention. With respect to productivity, consider the amount of time spent on conflict. Several years ago, Warren Schmidt and I conducted a survey on conflict management for the American Management Association. Managers reported spending 18% to 26% of their t...

Editorials 2 In September 2011 world leaders attending the United Nations high-level meeting on noncommunicable diseases recognized that these diseases are one of the major challenges to international development. However, among the wide-ranging discussions at the meeting , one topic received scant attention: the issues facing countries emerging from armed conflict. This mirrors the virtual abs...

OBJECTIVE Clinical data suggest that abnormalities in the regulation of emotional processing contribute to the pathophysiology of generalized anxiety disorder, yet these abnormalities remain poorly understood at the neurobiological level. The authors recently reported that in healthy volunteers the pregenual anterior cingulate regulates emotional conflict on a trial-by-trial basis by dampening ...

The purpose of this experiment was to directly examine the neural mechanisms of attentional control involved in the Simon task as compared to a spatial Stroop task using event-related fMRI. The Simon effect typically refers to the interference people experience when there is a stimulus-response conflict. The Stroop effect refers to the interference people experience when two attributes of the s...

The posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) is thought to play a pivotal role in enabling the control of attention during periods of distraction. In line with this view, pMFC activity is ubiquitously greater in incongruent trials of response-interference (e.g., Stroop) tasks than in congruent trials. Nonetheless, the process underlying this congruency effect remains highly controversial. We ther...

Abstract This paper argues that verb phrase ellipsis requires contrast. The central observation is ungrammatical in tautologous conditionals; e.g., * If John wins, then he does . Ellipsis correctly ruled out by a focus-based theory of (Rooth 1992a,b), but one crucially imports focus’s requirement for contrast: an elliptical constituent must have antecedent not merely alternative to it, ‘proper’...

The study aims to extend knowledge on interreligious conflicts in Indonesia by investigating the extent which perceived threat, outgroup distrust, and contact mediate relationship between majority–minority affiliation support for conflict Indonesia. We employed two modes of support, lawful violent protests, represent conflict. collected survey data, covering random samples ordinary citizens (N ...

Mutual helping for direct benefits can be explained by various game theoretical models, which differ mainly in terms of the underlying conflict of interest between two partners. Conflict is minimal if helping is self-serving and the partner benefits as a by-product. In contrast, conflict is maximal if partners are in a prisoner's dilemma with both having the pay-off-dominant option of not retur...

Analyses of reproductive conflicts of interests have yielded important evolutionary insights in many areas of biology. The usefulness of conflict analyses of traits that have been traditionally interpreted as resulting from female choice is controversial, however. This article explores a possible explanation for why conflicts of interest may be ameliorated in female choice situations. In contra...