Experiments using phage lambda provided early insights into important molecular mechanisms, including genetic recombination and the control of gene expression. Before recombinant DNA technology, the use of lambda, most particularly lambda transducing phages, illustrated the importance of cloning bacterial genes, already providing some insight into how to use cloned genes to advantage. Subsequen...

Gastric cancer is the world's second most common cause of cancer death. We analyzed gene expression patterns in 90 primary gastric cancers, 14 metastatic gastric cancers, and 22 nonneoplastic gastric tissues, using cDNA microarrays representing approximately 30,300 genes. Gastric cancers were distinguished from nonneoplastic gastric tissues by characteristic differences in their gene expression...

Among the important challenges to shrimp aquaculture worldwide are the diseases caused by viruses, in particular by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which has a genome estimated to contain 305 kb. By analysis and comparison of the WSSV genomic DNA and cDNA libraries, an ORF (vp28 gene) was identified. The gene, encoding a novel 204-amino-acid protein, was expressed in Escherichia coli and puri...

The maize (Zea mays) spikelet consists of two florets, each of which contains three developmentally synchronized anthers. Morphologically, the anthers in the upper and lower florets proceed through apparently similar developmental programs. To test for global differences in gene expression and to identify genes that are coordinately regulated during maize anther development, RNA samples isolate...

Two potato clones (Solanum tuberosum L.) of the Andean cultivar group, called Sullu and SS2613, with different drought-tolerance phenotypes were exposed to a continuously increasing drought stress in a field trial. At the physiological level, while relative leaf water contents were similar in both clones, osmotic potential was lower in Sullu and declined more strongly during drought compared wi...

The complete coding sequence of the Epstein-Barr virus strain B95-8 latent membrane protein (LMP) was cloned using a Raji cell cDNA library and genomic B95-8 DNA. The clone was characterized by sequencing and then used to make a recombinant vaccinia virus. This virus (VLMP) was shown to express a relatively high level of LMP in an authentic fashion. Antisera raised in rabbits against VLMP were ...

We investigated by molecular hybridization whether T cells contain RNA sequences homologous to RNA which codes for immunoglobulin kappa-chain (k-chain). A radioactive probe of complementary DNA (cDNA) was prepared by transcription of purified k-chain mRNA from mouse myeloma MOPC-41 with reverse transcriptase (RNA-dependent-DNA nucleotidyltransferase) from avian myeloblastosis virus. The cDNA pr...

Abbreviations used in this paper: CRF, corticotropin-releasing factor; CRF1-LI, CRF1 receptor like immunoreactivity; CRF2-LI, CRF2 receptor like immunoreactivity; DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide; cDNA, complementary DNA; KRB, Krebs-Ringer buffer; mRNA, messenger RNA; PVN, paraventricular nucleus; RT-PCR, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; SYN, synaptophysin; TTX, Tetrodotoxin; Ucn, urocor...

Complementary DNA clones encoding the murine homolog (mCAR) of the human coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) were isolated. Nonpermissive CHO cells transfected with mCAR cDNA became susceptible to infection by coxsackieviruses B3 and B4 and showed increased susceptibility to adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. These results indicate that the same receptor is responsible for virus intera...

Complementary DNA was transcribed from turnip yellow mosaic virus RNA, using the method of Taylor et al. (1). The purified cDNA thus obtained sedimented between 2 and 4 S and was a mostly uniform transcript of template RNA. It hybridized with a sharp transition to homologous TYMV-RNA (Crt 1/2 = 2.7 x 10(-2)), but showed a low level of hybridization (less than 5%) to the RNAs of two other tymovi...