The relationship between Mg-protoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX) signals and plant's tolerance to cold stress is investigated. Arabidopsis seedlings grown for 3 weeks were pretreated with 2 mM glutamate (Glu) and 2 mM MgCl2 for 48 h at room temperature to induce Mg-Proto IX accumulation. Then cold stress was performed at 4°C for additional 72 h. Glu + MgCl2 pre-treatments alleviated the subsequent c...

This study investigates environment sensitive and perishable products (ESPPs) logistics problem, which is called cold chain logistics problem (CCLs). Based on a comprehensive literature review, we found that there is much room to improve regarding of the risks management in cold chain logistics, that is, the development of a comprehensive cold chain logistics design methodology should considere...

CONTEXT The effect of sour taste and food temperature variations in dysphagic patients has not been entirely clarified. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of sour and cold food in the pharyngeal transit times of patients with stroke. METHODS Patients participating in this study were 30 right-handed adults, 16 of which were male and 14 were female, aged 41 to 88 (average age 62.3 years) with ...

Acute cold exposure-induced activation of gastric myenteric neurons in conscious rats was examined on longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus whole mount preparations. Few Fos-immunoreactive (IR) cells (<1/ganglion) were observed in 24-h fasted rats semirestrained at room temperature. Cold exposure (4 degrees C) for 1-3 h induced a time-related increase of Fos-IR cells in corpus and antral myenter...

The thermal insulation of clothing and wrapping (tog value), room temperature, and body temperature was measured for 3-4 month old infants sleeping in their home cots under conditions chosen freely by parents during a cold winter. We found that ambient temperature averaged 18.4 degrees C when infants were put down, but fell by an average of 4.4 degrees C during the night. Minimum room temperatu...

Excessive consumption of soft drinks has been argued as a key contributor to the epidemic of obesity in modern society. This is because they are characterized by high content of sugar, low satiety, and incomplete compensation for total energy. However, since obesity involves complex interactions of various factors, there must be more indices to link soft drink consumption and development of obe...

It is a common misperception that—because space is cold—an object initially at room temperature will cool in space. However, this is true only at night (that is, when the object is in the Earth’s shadow). Only then will the equilibrium temperature of any object in space be well below room temperature. During the daytime, the equilibrium temperature can be either above or below room temperature....

Propionibacterium freudenreichii is used as a ripening culture in Swiss cheese manufacture. It grows when cheeses are ripened in a warm room (about 24°C). Cheeses with an acceptable eye formation level are transferred to a cold room (about 4°C), inducing a marked slowdown of propionic fermentation, but P. freudenreichii remains active in the cold. To investigate the P. freudenreichii strategies...

Introduction; The measurement of the four noise parameters ("s) NPs of a two-port in the microwave frequency range is usually performed by measuring the two-port device noise figure F for a minimum of four source reflection-coefficients r,, produced with a tuner connected at the two-port input (reflection-type tuner) [I ~ 61. The equation relating F and rs, ( i = 1, ..., N) is expressed in line...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is a frequent cause of community-acquired respiratory infections in children and adults. However, standardized, rapid, specific methods for its diagnosis are lacking. The relationship between M. pneumoniae infection and asthma exacerbation has been recently discussed in the literature. We investigated the accuracy of rapid detection of myco...