hepatitis delta virus (hdv) infection results in more severe and even fulminant form of hepatitis b in co-infected cases. this study was designed to estimate the prevalence of anti-hdv positivity and the associated risk factors in patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection in zahedan (iran). in this cross-sectional study a total of 440 consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis b virus ...

introduction : staphylococcus aureus colonization has been recognized as one of the most important risk factors for subsequent infections with this microorganism. in this study, we intended to identify all patients who were mrsa-positive upon admission and compare the prevalence of mrsa colonization on different days of study admitted in imam reza hospital in mashhad, iran. methods : this cross...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Distribution function Hot-carrier degradation nLDMOS transistor Spherical harmonics expansion Drift–diffusion scheme Interface states Modeling We analyze the applicability of different analytic models for the carrier distribution function (DF), namely the heated Maxwellian, the Cassi model, the Hasnat approach, the Reggiani model, and our own concept, to describe...

in this study, feasibility of upgrading and retrofitting municipal wastewater treatment plantswas investigated at laboratory scale using moving bed biofilm reactor (mbbr) process. for this purpose,an aerobic pilot was operated for nearly one year in different conditions, in which a moving bed carrier with aspecific biofilm surface area of 500 m2/m3 and a filling rate of 60% was utilized. system...

The terminology and notation used here have been introduced in the following articles: [9], [4], [13], [12], [10], [8], [2], [3], [1], [14], [7], [11], [5], and [6]. Let M be a metric structure, and let x, y be elements of the carrier of M . The predicate x ≈ y is defined by: (Def.1) ρ(x, y) = 0. Let M be a metric structure, and let x be an element of the carrier of M . The functor x yielding a...

The role of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) carrier cattle in causing new outbreaks is still a matter of debate and it is important to find out these carrier animals by post-outbreak serosurveillance to declare freedom from FMDV infection. In this study we explore the differences in viral shedding between carrier and non-carrier animals, quantify the transmission rate of FMDV infection from...

We measure the temperature-dependent carrier density and resistivity of the topological surface state of thin exfoliated Bi(2)Se(3) in the absence of bulk conduction. When the gate-tuned chemical potential is near or below the Dirac point, the carrier density is strongly temperature-dependent, reflecting thermal activation from the nearby bulk valence band, while, above the Dirac point, unipola...

To study the effect of shock wave load on body elements vehicles, a setting has been developed that takes into account mobile nature this load. A specialized parametric finite-element model layout created armored-carrier, taking peculiarities studied process. The problem determining stress-strain state armored-hulls solved in static and dynamic formulation. space-time distributions components c...

The three-dimensional confinement of electrons and holes in the semiconductor quantum dot (QD) structure profoundly changes its density of states compared to the bulk semiconductor or the thin-film quantum well (QW) structure. The aim of this paper is to theoretically investigate the microwave properties of InAs/InP(311B) QD lasers. A new expression of the modulation transfer function is derive...

A solution state polymer diode, which uses regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT):dichlorobenzene solution as the semiconductor between highly doped p-type silicon and aluminum electrodes has been built. Electrodes separated by a 40 nm gap enable intra-chain charge carrier transfer through the lengths of single polymer chains. This prevents chain to chain hopping and chain entangle...