OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a 9-month physical activity intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity among prepubertal children. METHODS Prepubertal children (8- to 9-year-olds, N = 220, 103 girls) were randomly assigned to a 9-month physical activity intervention or a control group. The intervention provided 70 minutes (5 days/week) of moderate to vigorous physical acti...

Poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an important risk factor for age-related diseases including cardiovascular disease, cancer, dementia and osteoporosis. When evaluated through active metabolism test reported as VO2Max, or the maximal oxygen uptake during intense exercise, CRF a highly valued functional marker to assess overall wellness disease in elderly. For every 3.5ml/kg/min increase V...

Eruptive activity at the Kı̄lauea volcano (Hawai‘i, USA) has increased since 2008 resulting in volcanic air pollution (vog) at levels exceeding the national air quality standard for sulfur dioxide. Previous investigations during lower vog levels found adverse cardiorespiratory effects in the residents. The purpose of this 2012 survey was to reassess and compare the impact of the increased volcan...

Steele RM, Brage S, Corder K, Wareham NJ, Ekelund U. Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and the metabolic syndrome in youth. J Appl Physiol 105: 342–351, 2008. First published March 27, 2008; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00072.2008.— The metabolic syndrome is defined as the coexistence of multiple cardiovascular and diabetes risk factors, the prevalence of which has increased dramaticall...

Cardiorespiratory fitness (aerobic exercise capacity) is one of the most important prerequisites for successful aging in human beings and depends on adequate oxygen transport by the respiratory and circulatory systems from environmental air to the working muscles and the efficient utilization of oxygen by the mitochondria. A linear dose-response relation between aerobic exercise capacity, morbi...

Dear Editor, Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global mortality, accounting for almost 17 million deaths annually. 1 Therefore, CVD is responsible for a substantial amount of money spent by health care systems for its treatment, and treatment of its symptoms. Although, CVD events occur most frequently during or after the fifth decade of life, there is evidence indicating that...

The objective of this study was to investigate the synchronization between low-frequency breathing patterns and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) of heart rate during guided recitation of poetry, i.e., recitation of hexameter verse from ancient Greek literature performed in a therapeutic setting. Twenty healthy volunteers performed three different types of exercises with respect to a cross-sec...

Orexin neurons form a restricted group in the dorsal hypothalamus. The group is centered on the perifornical area within the classic hypothalamic defense area, an area which when activated produces marked cardiovascular and respiratory effects. Central administration of orexin can produce cardiorespiratory effects, but the extent to which orexin contributes to such responses evoked from the per...

A growing body of literature provides evidence for the prophylactic influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on cognitive decline in older adults. This study examined the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and recruitment of the neural circuits involved in an attentional control task in a group of healthy older adults. Employing a version of the Stroop task, we examined whether higher ...

Background: There is a substantial body of evidence that in adults, physical inactivity or low cardiorespiratory fitness levels are strongly associated with the development of metabolic syndrome. Although this association has been studied extensively in adults, little is known adolescents. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitne...