—The anomaly zone presents a major challenge to the accurate resolution of 1 many parts of the Tree of Life. The anomaly zone is defined by the presence of a gene tree 2 topology that is more probable than the true species tree. This discrepancy can result from 3 consecutive rapid speciation events in the species tree. Similar to the problem of 4 long-branch attraction, including more data (loc...

Concerns about the deleterious effects of missing data may often determine which characters and taxa are included in phylogenetic analyses. For example, researchers may exclude taxa lacking data for some genes or exclude a gene lacking data in some taxa. Yet, there may be very little evidence to support these decisions. In this paper, I review the effects of missing data on phylogenetic analyse...

The paper is about the issue of addressing in multi-party dialogues. Analysis of addressing behavior in face to face meetings results in the identification of several addressing mechanisms. From these we extract several utterance features and features of non-verbal communicative behavior of a speaker, like gaze and gesturing, that are relevant for observers to identify the participants the spea...

Much of the literature concerning participant relationships in academic writing has discussed features that project the stance, identity, or credibility of the writer, rather than examining how writers engage with readers. In contrast, this article focuses on strategies that presuppose the active role of addressees, examining six key ways that writers seek explicitly to establish the presence o...

To create conversational systems working in actual situations, it is crucial to assume that they interact with multiple agents. In this work, we tackle addressee and response selection for multi-party conversation, in which systems are expected to select whom they address as well as what they say. The key challenge of this task is to jointly model who is talking about what in a previous context...

Attraction interference in language comprehension and production may be as a result of common or different processes. In the present paper, we investigate attraction interference during language comprehension, focusing on the contexts in which interference arises and the time-course of these effects. Using evidence from event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and sentence judgment times, we show ...

in this study, the interaction between no2+ cation and hen (n = 1-7) clusters is investigated by means of ab initio calculations at mp2/aug-cc-pvtz and qcisd/aug-cc-pvtz computational levels. the first and second solvation shells were obtained while n atom of no2+ interacts with five and two he atoms, respectively. stabilization energies of the studied complexes including basis set superpositio...