Four Korean kernel fruit (apple, pear, persimmon, and mandarin orange) juices were obtained by household processing techniques (i.e., blending, juicing). Whole and flesh fractions of each fruit were extracted by a blender or a juicer and then examined for phytochemical content (i.e., organic acids, polyphenol compounds). The antioxidant capacity of each juice was determined by ferric reducing a...

The void network and vascular system are important pathways for the transport of gases, water and solutes in apple fruit (Malus × domestica Borkh). Here we used X-ray micro-tomography at various spatial resolutions to investigate the growth of these transport structures in 3D during fruit development of "Jonagold" apple. The size of the void space and porosity in the cortex tissue increased con...

A method for locating apples was developed to process real-time video image sequences captured with an over-the-row harvester. The concepts of background modeling in RGB color were used, which is a novel approach to the apple segmentation problem. In background modeling, the distributions of background colors are approximated from real data. The algorithm developed for this task, Global Mixture...

Superfi cial scald of apples and pears, which manifests as brown or black patches on the fruit skin, results from necrosis of the hypodermal cortical tissue (Bain and Mercer, 1963) and is thought to be induced by oxidation products of the sesquiterpene (E,E)-α-farnesene (Anet, 1972a; Huelin and Coggiola, 1970a, 1970b; Huelin and Murray, 1966). Synthesis of sesquiterpenes in plant tissues occurs...

orchard intensification is motivated by the desire to produce fruit early in the life of the orchard to rapidly recover establishment costs. intensification is possible using dwarfing rootstocks that control tree size, induce early cropping and produce large quantities of fruit compared to the amount of wood produced. therefore, this study attempts to compare some yield and fruit properties of ...

1. Native, wild bees are important pollinators for both crop and wild plants. With concerns over the availability and cost of managed honeybees, attention has turned to native, wild bees as crop pollinators. However, the ability of native, wild bees to provide sufficient pollination may depend on their populations at local scales. 2. Therefore, at the farm scale, we examined the pollination con...

to determine the phenolic content and antioxidant activity in some native iranian apple cultivars, some five cultivars namely: 'bekran', 'golab-e kermanshah', 'golab-e kohanz' 'golab-e sheikhi' and 'atlasi' were selected and compared with the standard cultivar 'gala'. the profiles related to four phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, quercetin-3-galactoside, catechin, and phloridzin) were deter...