Introduction One of the best methods in the diagnosis and control of breast cancer is mammography. The importance of mammography is directly related to its value in the detection of breast cancer in the early stages, which leads to a more effective treatment. The purpose of this article was to calculate the X-ray spectrum in a mammography system with Monte Carlo codes, including MCNPX and MCNP5...

Due to their lightweight, porous and excellent energy absorption characteristics, foam honeycomb materials have been widely used for filling absorbing devices. For further improving the performance of novel tube proposed in our recent work, nonlinear dynamics software Abaqus was firstly establish verify simulation model aluminum-filled tube. Then, crashworthiness honeycomb-filled tubes, foam-fi...

PURPOSE This paper presents new spectral measurements of a tungsten-target digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) system, including spectra of 43-49 kVp. METHODS Raw x-ray spectra of 20-49 kVp were directly measured from the tube port of a Selenia Dimensions DBT system using a CdTe based spectrometer. Two configurations of collimation were employed: one with two tungsten pinholes of 25 μm and 200...

This work is focused on the finite element study of the energy absorbing behavior of aluminum (corrugated webs). The aim is to study the mechanism of energy absorption in specific metallic structures by understanding these mechanisms. The sine wave web (or corrugated web) structural component constructed of aluminum has been chosen as the specific structural element for this study. The sine wav...

Concentrated solar power is one of the renewable energy sources in world that can be utilized from by combining and concentrating it. In this numerical study, computer software was used to investigate parabolic trough collector consists a mirror tube made copper covered with vacuum glass. The twisted tape aluminum placed inside generate swirl flow turbulence around axial centerline absorber wor...

Solid sections are gradually replaced by the hollow in most of structural applications various engineering fields due to their attracting features such as light-weight and high specific strength. In present investigation, one attempt was made investigate detail about flexural capability an aluminum tube (AHT) with square cross section. The objective investigation is study influence stress conce...

Electrodeposited aluminum films and template-synthesized aluminum nanorods are examined as negative electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. The lithium-aluminum alloying reaction is observed electrochemically with cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling in lithium half-cells. The electrodeposition reaction is shown to have high faradaic efficiency, and electrodeposited aluminum films reach t...

Aluminum metal is produced by the electrolytic reduction of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), mainly extracted from bauxite ore digested in a hot caustic soda solution. This solution is supersaturated with respect to sodium aluminate and silicate, which react together to form sodalite (3[Na2O⋅Al2O3⋅2SiO2⋅2H2O]⋅Na2CO3) at high temperatures. Heat exchanger tubes are scaled with this compound, which serious...