A phylogenetic tree of most of the major groups of organisms has been constructed from the 352 5S ribosomal RNA sequences now available. The tree suggests that there are several major groups of eubacteria that diverged during the early stages of their evolution. Metabacteria (= archaebacteria) and eukaryotes separated after the emergence of eubacteria. Among eukaryotes, red algae emerged first;...

Reef-building corals switch endosymbiotic algae of the genus Symbiodinium during their early growth stages and during bleaching events. Clade C Symbiodinium algae are dominant in corals, although other clades - including A and D - have also been commonly detected in juvenile Acroporid corals. Previous studies have been reported that only molecular data of Symbiodinium clade were identified with...

The natural abundance of stable carbon isotope values (δ13C) of organic matter of marine macroalgae collected from Taiwan and its offshore islands (Penghu Islands) were analyzed in this study. These values ranged from -10.5 to -29.5‰. The highest δ13C value came from green algae (-10.5‰), Ulva pertusa while most algae exhibited values in the -14 to -19‰ range. On average, the δ13C values of red...

many studies on cold environments have been developed over the past two decades. highmountain freshwater presents high variability of nutrients and chemico-physical parameters, showing variations of ph, oxygen concentration, metals and temperature throughout the year. national park of sierra nevada (granada, spain) (37°032 n 03°182 w), has almost 40 lakes that are reported to be both endemic an...

in the present study the freshwater algae of siahdarvishan river were sampled on a montly basis from december 2007 through november 2008. three sampling stations (gaght roudkhan , shahkezr dame and talab laleh ) were chosen in the river. some physical and chemical parameters (water temperature , total hardness , nitrate , nitrite, phosphate and ph) of water samples were measured. a total of 84 ...

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