Abstract Objective: Glucocorticoid (GC) treatment suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which may lead to tertiary adrenal insufficiency. This study aimed investigate prevalence of insufficiency among patients with oral lichen planus treated topical GC (clobetasol propionate) in cavity, a standard option for this condition. Methods: In cross-sectional study, we included 24 receiving...

Background. Extrapontine myelinolysis (EPM) has been well described in the presence of rapid correction of hyponatremia. It is seldom reported with adrenal insufficiency. We report a unique case where a patient developed EPM as a result of adrenal insufficiency where the brain MRI revealed symmetrical lesion in the basal ganglia with pallidal sparing. Case Report. A 30-year-old gentleman with p...

One of the more controversial areas in critical care in recent decades relates to the issue of adrenal insufficiency and its treatment in critically ill patients. There is no consensus on which patients to test for adrenal insufficiency, which tests to use and how to interpret them, whether to use corticosteroids, and, if so, who to treat and with what dose. This review illustrates the complexi...

OBJECTIVE We aimed to estimate pooled percentages of patients with adrenal insufficiency after treatment with corticosteroids for various conditions in a meta-analysis. Secondly, we aimed to stratify the results by route of administration, disease, treatment dose, and duration. METHOD We searched seven electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and CINAH...

RATIONALE Adrenal insufficiency is a common disorder in critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation and is usually associated with higher mortality and poor clinical outcome. OBJECTIVES To determine whether stress dose corticosteroid supplementation can improve ventilator weaning and clinical outcome in patients with adrenal insufficiency. METHODS A prospective, randomized, placebo ...

Introduction Primary adrenal lymphoma is rare, with a few cases reported in the literature. Most often it manifests as bilateral adrenal lesions and adrenal insufficiency is a common complication. Case Presentation A 53-year-old male was referred with abdominal discomfort and darkening of the skin since 1 month prior to admission. His workups detected large bilateral adrenal masses. The patie...

DAX-1 (NR0B1) and SF-1 (NR5A1) are two nuclear receptor transcription factors that play a key role in human adrenal and reproductive development. Loss of DAX-1 function is classically associated with X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita. This condition typically affects boys and presents as primary adrenal insufficiency in early infancy or childhood, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism at puberty an...

Adrenal insufficiency, which is related to hemodynamic instability and increased mortality, has been reported in patients with advanced liver disease regardless of the presence of septic conditions. In this regard, the hepatoadrenal syndrome has been recently proposed as adrenal insufficiency in critically ill patients with liver disease. We describe here a 67-year-old female patient with hepat...

Adrenal steroids are essential for homeostasis and survival during severe physiological stress. Analysis of a patient heterozygous for the steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) gene suggested that reduced expression of this nuclear receptor leads to adrenal failure. We therefore examined SF-1 heterozygous (+/-) mice as a potential model for delineating mechanisms underlying this disease. Here we show t...

Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage is a rare condition, which is burdened by potentially life-threatening consequences related to the development of acute adrenal insufficiency. Despite treatment with stress-dose glucocorticoids, a mortality rate of 15% has been reported, which varies according to the severity of underlying predisposing illness and could be much more higher if the adrenal insufficien...