Adipocytes contain large lipid droplets in their cytoplasm. When cultured, they float on top of the medium, clump together, and do not gain equal and sufficient access to the medium. Morphological changes cannot be observed and the majority of adipocytes undergo cell lysis within 72 h of isolation. We have used a ceiling culture method for human mature adipocytes which uses their buoyant proper...

Studies of the gene expression, metabolism and intracellular signaling of adipocytes have been hindered by the difficulty of transfecting cultured adipocytes using standard methods. Here, we demonstrate the utility of gene gun-mediated genetic transfer for transfection of differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Transfection of adipocytes with the Helios Gene Gun yielded a transfection efficiency that...

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) mediates the activity of the insulin-sensitizing thiazolidinediones and plays an important role in adipocyte differentiation and fat accretion. The analysis of PPARgamma functions in mature adipocytes is precluded by lethality of PPARgamma(-/-) fetuses and tetraploid-rescued pups. Therefore we have selectively ablated PPARgamma in...

Using the sectioning capability of third harmonic generation (THG) microscopy, we assessed the morphologic features of human adipocytes directly without fixation and labeling. At the plane of the largest cross-sectional area, both area-equivalent circular diameters (AECD) and perimeters of adipocytes were measured, and their statistical distributions were examined. We found, in patients with no...

The importance of the microenvironment in breast cancer growth and progression is becoming increasingly clear. Adipocytes are abundant in the mammary microenvironment, and recent studies show that adipocytes produce endocrine, inflammatory, and angiogenic factors that have tremendous potential to affect adjacent breast cancer cells. Yet, the extent to which local adipocyte function contributes ...

Isolated adipocytes from severely diabetic rats exhibited hypersensitivity to epinephrine at low concentrations (0.05-0.1 microM) on lipolysis, compared with isolated adipocytes from normal and mildly diabetic rats. Hypersensitivity to dibutyryl cyclic AMP and theophylline at concentrations from 0.05 to 0.50 mM was not observed in adipocytes of severely diabetic rats. Insulin could not exert an...

Lipomas are benign tumors that consist of mature adipocytes. Most lipomas sporadic, but some familial conditions predispose affected individuals to the development up thousands lipomas. Currently, no targeted treatments exist. To develop such an agent, cellular composition must be elucidated. Using single-cell resolution techniques, we have successfully begun characterize transcriptomic landsca...

This study aimed to characterize and compare the effects of obesity on gene expression profiles in two distinct adipose depots, epididymal and bone marrow, at two different ages in mice. Alterations in gene expression were analyzed in adipocytes isolated from diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6J male mice at 6 and 14 months of age and from leptin deficient mice (ob/ob) at 6 months of age using mic...

BACKGROUND : The information available to date on the effect of metformin transcriptome and secretory capacity adipocytes in human adipose tissue (AT) is scarce contradictory. study analyzed whether vitro modulates gene expression secretion adiponectin leptin AT subcutaneous (SAT), epicardial (EAT) perivascular (PVAT) localization patients with ischemic artery disease (IHD). AIM To assess at va...

Recently, we have reported that adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASC) harvested from obese donors induce a pro-inflammatory environment when co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC), with a polarization of T cells toward the Th17 cell lineage, increased secretion of IL-1β and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines, and down-regulation of Th1 cytokines, such as IFNγ and TNFα. However...