Anaerobic digestion is applied widely to treat the source collected organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (SC-OFMSW). Lipid-rich wastes are a valuable substrate for anaerobic digestion due to their high theoretical methane potential. Nevertheless, although fat, oil and grease waste from sewage treatment plants (STP-FOGW) are commonly disposed of in landfill, European legislation is aimed a...

A comparison was made of different digestion methods for the total decomposition of siliceous and organically environmental samples prior to their analysis by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). In the present study, three different digestion methods, including microwave-assisted, hot plate heating and pressurized digestion (pressure bomb), were employed for the ...

This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficiency of a liquid-solids separation process and microwave pretreatment, as well as anaerobic biodegradability of microwave pretreated dairy manure. Liquid-solids separation of raw dairy manure resulted in solid and liquid fractions having different properties, with the solid fractions richer in total and volatile solids content and liquid fractions...

To the Editor: We read with interest a paper on phospholipid analysis in this journal (1) but deferred comment until the publication of our own paper on the subject, which we believe contains relevant material (2). Sandhu refers to the formation of a Prussian blue complex as the result of a reaction between phospholipids and a chromogenic reagent containing molybdenum. Clearly this cannot be so...

The results of Klee and Richards (1) are in disagreement with the conclusions of Anfmsen et al. (2-4) that concentrated urea has no effect on the activity of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease. The possibility exists that differences in enzymatic activity might be also caused by alteration of the substrate rather than of the enzyme upon treatment with these agents. In examining the effect of condit...

A recent preliminary communication by Feulgenl on a conjugated nucleic acid of pancreas prompts me to publish my own results on the same subject. Feulgen prepared a nucleic acid from pancreas by enzymatic digestion of p-nucleoprotein. This acid could be split into phosphoric acid, levulinic acid, furfurol, thymine, cytosine, guanine, and adenine. He found that an alkali salt of guanylic acid co...

In order to implement a simpler, less expensive and more safe sample dissolution procedure, we have substituted the HF-HClO(4) mixture by NH(4)F. By testing three certified reference materials, lichen 336, basalt BE-N, soil 7, it was found that the three-reagents digestion without HF and HClO(4) (HNO(3)+H(2)O(2)+NH(4)F was used) was very effective for the pretreatment of ICP-MS measurement. The...

The benzoic and cinnamic acids found in forages were tested for their inhibitory effects on digestion of cellulose and hemicellulose by mixed cultures of rumen microorganisms in vitro. Rate and extent of cellulose digestion with the addition of cinnamic acids were determined. The benzoic acids and aldehydes were also compared for their inhibitory potential. Of the benzoic acid derivatives, only...

The digestion kinetics of a variety of pure celluloses were examined by using an in vitro assay employing mixed ruminal microflora and a modified detergent extraction procedure to recover residual cellulose. Digestion of all of the celluloses was described by a discontinuous first-order rate equation to yield digestion rate constants and discrete lag times. These kinetic parameters were compare...