Filopodia have a key role in sensing both chemical and mechanical cues in surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). However, quantitative understanding is still missing in the filopodial mechanosensing of local ECM stiffness, resulting from dynamic interactions between filopodia and the surrounding 3D ECM fibers. Here we present a method for characterizing the stiffness of ECM that is sensed by f...

Animal cells in tissues are supported by biopolymer matrices, which typically exhibit highly nonlinear mechanical properties. While the linear elasticity of the matrix can significantly impact cell mechanics and functionality, it remains largely unknown how cells, in turn, affect the nonlinear mechanics of their surrounding matrix. Here, we show that living contractile cells are able to generat...

We consider the gravity-induced draping of a 3D object with a naturally flat, isotropic elastic sheet. As the size of the sheet increases, we observe the appearance of new folded structures of increasing complexity that arise because of the competition between elasticity and gravity. We analyze some of the simpler 3D structures by determining their shape and analyzing their response and stabili...

The proposed embedded strain sensor consists of six elastic rings, placed in an icosahedral symmetry, whose measured elongations give access to the complete 3D tensor surrounding matrix. linear relationship between ring and matrix is given. From this relation it deduced that isotropic, i.e. its sensitivity independent rotation more sensitive hydrostatic strains than deviatoric strains. addition...

Elastography provides a powerful tool for histopathological identification and clinical diagnosis based on information from tissue stiffness. Benefiting from high resolution, three-dimensional (3D), and noninvasive optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical micro-elastography has the ability to determine elastic properties with a resolution of ~10 μm in a 3D specimen. The shear wave velocity m...

We study periodic homogenization and 3D-2D dimension reduction by Γ(π)-con-vergence of heterogeneous thin films whose the stored-energy densities have no polynomial growth. In particular, our results are consistent with one basic facts nonlinear elasticity, namely necessity an infinite amount energy to compress a finite volume matter into zero volume. However, not noninterpenetration matter.

We develop the a posteriori error analysis of three mixed finite element formulations for rotation-based equations in elasticity, poroelasticity, and interfacial elasticity-poroelasticity. The discretizations use $H^1$-conforming elements degree $k+1$ displacement fluid pressure, discontinuous piecewise polynomials $k$ rotation vector, total elastic pressure. Residual-based estimators are const...

EI and D) Ezz (axial stiffness) showing that means are significantly (p<0.001) different for many pair-wise comparisons (One-way ANOVA). Table 1: Means, CV and ICC for parameters relaying scale, topology and elasticity (GPa) in 5 subjects. Mechanical Anisotropy, MA= 2Ezz/(Exx+Eyy) Figure 1: Representative axial FSE-OSC images of a healthy 36year-old male subject across the 3 exams. 3D rendered ...

Strongly-coupled dusty plasmas often exhibit liquid behavior. Liquids behave as a viscous continuum in the hydrodynamic regime. However, in the kinetic regime of a liquid, viscous and elastic effects occur at the same time [1], i.e., the liquid is said to be viscoelastic. To characterize the viscoelasticity of a liquid, the complex viscosity, () = () i(), is often used, where the real a...

We develop a parallel scalable domain decomposition method for the simulation 9 of blood flows in compliant arteries in 3D, by using a fully coupled system of linear elasticity 10 equation and incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The system is discretized with a finite 11 element method on unstructured moving meshes and solved by a Newton-Krylov algorithm 12 preconditioned with an overlappin...