objective: comparing sublingual and vaginal misoprostol in second trimester pregnancy termination. materials and methods: in this study 268 women at 12-24 weeks of gestation candidate for pregnancy termination were enrolled. women were randomly divided in two groups. the first group received 400 µg sublingual misoprostol and vaginal placebo and the second group received 400 µg vaginal misoprost...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa background : routine episiotomy is a controversial issue among gynecologists. the aim of this study was to compare early maternal and neonatal complications of restrictive episiotomy and routine episiotomy in primiparus vaginal delivery. methods : in this descriptive cross-sectional study, two groups of primiparus normal vaginal delivery (nvd) cases...

background: cesarean delivery is a surgery for deliver a baby. women with previous cesarean delivery (cd) must often choose between a vaginal delivery (vd) and repeat cd. our aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with preference for cd in neyshabur pregnant women with previous cd. methods: a cross‑sectional study was conducted on all pregnant women (who had previous caesarean ...

in this descriptive study, we investigated how mother and infant rooming method after delivery are implementing in academic hospitals of tehran university of medical sciences in 1993. in this research, fifteen wards include post delivery ward, surgical ward that mothers after cesarean section hospitalized in them and jointed ward that mothers who underwent cesarean section and normal vaginal de...

objective: the abdominal sacrocolpopexy is the standard method of vaginal prolapse correction and posterior intravaginal slingplasty (pivs) is a newer procedure with minimal invasiveness. this study compares the effectiveness and complications of these two surgical methods. materials and methods: in this non randomized clinical trial study, which was conducted in imam khomeini hospital, tehran,...

Two hundred and 91 patients showing signs and symptoms of bacterial vaginosis (BV) were randomized to receive topical treatment with Fitostimoline (vaginal cream and vaginal ovules + vaginal washing) or benzydamine hydrochloride (vaginal cream + vaginal washing) for 7 days. Signs (leucorrhoea, erythema, oedema, and erosion) and symptoms (burning, pain, itching, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, and...

BACKGROUND Intravaginal practices including vaginal washing have been associated with HIV-1 acquisition. This association may be mediated by mucosal disruption, changes in vaginal flora or genital tract inflammatory responses. Reducing vaginal washing could lower women's risk of HIV-1 acquisition. METHODS 23 HIV-1 seronegative women who reported current vaginal washing were recruited from a p...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the response of the vaginal mucosa with TX-004HR and its correlation with vulvar and vaginal atrophy (VVA) symptoms, and whether visual examination is a useful measure for assessing VVA. METHODS REJOICE was a 12-week, phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a vaginal, muco-adhesive, 17β-estradiol softgel capsule (TX-004HR 4, 10, and 25...

objective: approximately three-fourths of women experience an episode of vaginal candidiasis. candida albicans(c. albicans) is the etiological agent in over 80% of cases. c. albicans has numerous virulence factors such as the agglutinin-like sequence (als) genes which code the large glycoprotein family that has a role in the adherence of candida. the present study aims to evaluate expressions ...

candida albicans is an opportunistic fungi that is able to thrive in many host niches, including the skin, mucosal, surfaces, the blood stream and internal organs. agglutinin-like sequence (als) genes which could play a role in forming biofilms, adherence to host surfaces as a virulence factor and antifungal drug resistant. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the presence als1 and ...