In recent years, water shortage is becoming one of the most serious problems in the Poyang Lake. In this paper, the long-term water balance items of the Poyang Lake have been analyzed to reveal the coupling effects of Three Gorges Dam (TGD) and droughts on the water balance of Poyang Lake. The results indicate that: (1) the water balance items of Poyang Lake vary greatly, e.g. lake precipitatio...

BACKGROUND In many countries, financial assistance is awarded to physicians who settle in an area that is designated as a shortage area to prevent unequal accessibility to primary health care. Today, however, policy makers use fairly simple methods to define health care accessibility, with physician-to-population ratios (PPRs) within predefined administrative boundaries being overwhelmingly fav...

It is in cities, and not the countryside, where the human ‘creative flame’ has burnt most brightly. For millennia they have been the centres and drivers of commercial, scientific, political and cultural life, having major influence upon whole countries and regions. The positive and progressive aspects of cities and urban centres recognized by historians, economists and other social scientists c...

437 countries, and delivering on the health Millennium Development Goals, is the availability of trained health staff to support the health system. In 2006 the World Health Organization (WHO) published its annual report highlighting the serious shortage in human resources for health. It was estimated that 57 countries have critical shortages in health staff, equivalent to a global shortage of s...

The perception of physician shortage in Canada is widespread. Absolute shortages and relative discrepancies, both specialty-wise and in urban-rural distribution, have been a daunting policy challenge. International Medical Graduates (IMGs) have been at the core of mitigating this problem, especially as long as shortage of physicians in rural areas is concerned. Considering such recruitment as h...

These days, many countries have a water shortage and limited access to clean water. To overcome this, new treatment is emerging, namely, the photocatalytic processing of greywater. Photocatalytic processes remove organic matter from different greywater sources are critically reviewed. Their efficiency in degrading scrutinized along with factors that can affect activity photocatalysts. Modified ...

During the last two decades the scarcity of water resources is exponentially growing worldwide and especially in semiarid countries like coastal and island communities of the Mediterranean region. Cyprus is one of the countries in the Mediterranean where the water shortage problem is evident and very severe. This paper describes an intelligent and flexible, hybrid decision support system, for t...

threats are one of the most fundamental problems of our modern societies that daily will affect citizens in urban spaces. this becomes more problematic when the people in their everyday living spaces encounter with behaviors that cause lack of security and should have been feel comfort and their families used these spaces freely. this causes many problems for citizens. in today cities because o...

in the early 90’s, donkeys were in danger of extinction as species. in italy, there were counted few heads of many breeds but, unfortunately, others had already been extinct. with the donkey in danger, there was a risk of disappearance of a part of ecosystem, a biodiversity particularly significant as it represents humans’ history. all countries around the mediterranean sea, countries of southe...