1 ++ High quality meta-analyses, systematic reviews of RCTs, or RCTs with a very low risk of bias 1 + Well conducted meta-analyses, systematic reviews, or RCTs with a low risk of bias 1-Meta-analyses, systematic reviews, or RCTs with a high risk of bias 2 ++ High quality systematic reviews of case control or cohort studies High quality case control or cohort studies with a very low risk of conf...

the purpose of this research is to examine the existence of seasonality in the stock market return, its volatility and trading amount associated with moving calendar events such as the holy month of ramadan using a garch specification and data for the tehran stock exchange (tse) from april 1998 to june 2010. the result shows a statistically significant increase in returns and a systematic patte...

Determining contributions to overall portfolio risk is an important topic in financial risk management. At the level of positions (instruments and subportfolios), this problem has been well studied, and a significant theory has been built, in particular around the calculation of marginal contributions. In this paper, we consider the problem of determining the contributions to portfolio risk of ...

Systematic reviews represent powerful tools to identify, collect, synthesize, and evaluate primary research data on specific research questions in a highly standardized and reproducible manner. They enable the defensible synthesis of outcomes by increasing precision and minimizing bias whilst ensuring transparency of the methods used. This makes them especially valuable to inform evidence-based...

The variance of demand can be divided into two components, a systematic risk component that occurs due to economic factors, and an idiosyncratic noise component. Operational hedging addresses the total variance of demand, whereas financial hedging is useful against systematic risk. We investigate the systematic risk component of demand uncertainty using industry-level data for the manufacturing...

This paper analyzes an individual’s post retirement longevity risk management strategy allowing for systematic longevity risk, recent product innovations, and product loadings. A complete-markets discrete state model and multi-period simulations of portfolio strategies are used to assess individual longevity insurance product portfolios with differing levels of systematic and idiosyncratic long...

BACKGROUND Recognition of a broad spectrum of disease and development of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and recurrent CDI (rCDI) in populations previously considered to be at low risk has renewed attention on differences in the risk profile of patients. In the absence of primary prevention for CDI and limited treatment options, it is important to achieve a deep understanding of the multi...

background: acute myeloid leukemia (aml) is a malignant disorder involving blood cells, characterized by obstructed or distorted differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. in cytogenetically normal aml (cn aml), molecular abnormalities in npm, flt3, cebpa, and baalc genes are observed. initially, high baalc (brain and acute leukemia cytoplasmic gene) expression was introduced in a study on am...

OBJECTIVE In orthognathic surgery, antibiotics are prescribed to reduce the risk of postoperative infection. However, there is lack of consensus over the appropriate drug, the dose and duration of administration. The aim of this complex systematic review was to assess the effect of antibiotics on postoperative infections in orthognathic surgery. METHODS Both systematic reviews and primary stu...