PURPOSE To investigate the three-dimensional orientation of the eye and its relationship to Listing's Law in monkeys with acute acquired superior oblique palsy (SOP). METHODS The trochlear nerve was severed intracranially in two rhesus monkeys. Three-axis eye movements (horizontal, vertical, and torsion) were measured with binocular, dual search coils during fixation of targets in a 40 degree...

Purpose To investigate the relationship between objective ocular torsion and the presence or absence of the trochlear nerve in subjects with unilateral superior oblique palsy (SOP). Methods A total of 159 subjects with congenital and acquired unilateral SOP were reviewed. Eighty-four subjects who had a normal trochlear nerve (present group) and 75 subjects without a trochlear nerve (absent gr...

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PURPOSE To investigate immediate and long-term changes in static ocular alignment with acute acquired superior oblique palsy (SOP) in monkeys. METHODS The trochlear nerve was severed intracranially in two rhesus monkeys. After the surgery, the paretic eye was patched for 6 to 9 days, and then binocular viewing was allowed. Three-axis eye movements (horizontal, vertical, and torsional) were me...

Brown (I950) defined the features of the superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome and reported five cases. He postulated that the restriction in elevation of the affected eye in the adducted position was caused by a congenitally short anterior tendon sheath of the superior oblique muscle. As the eye moved into adduction, this ligament-like sheath became taut and strongly opposed the action of th...

The superior oblique tendon sheath syndrome was first described by Brown (I950), who noted that many cases of apparent congenital paresis of the inferior oblique muscle had restricted elevation in adduction on passive duction testing. At operation he observed thickening of the anterior part of the superior oblique tendon sheath, and whern this was stripped away a full range of passive movements...

BACKGROUND Several inferior oblique (IO) weakening methods exist for correction of superior oblique palsy (SOP). A previously reported method involved recession and anteriorization according to IO overaction (IOOA) grade, which might be subjective and cause upgaze limitation and opposite vertical strabismus. Therefore, this study attempted to examine the efficacy of modified graded recession an...

INTRODUCTION Patients with missing superior oblique (SO) tendons present with overelevation/underdepression in adduction. Unilateral cases often exhibit abnormal head postures, whereas in bilateral cases, there may be a marked V-pattern with upgaze exotropia. These patients may have craniosynostosis. METHODS Nine children with unilateral (n = 2) or bilateral (n = 7) absent SO tendons underwen...

This issue of the Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research contains two reports summarizing the 10 year surgical treatment experience of trochlear and abducens nerve palsies at Labbafinejad Medical Center, a large tertiary referral practice in Tehran, Iran. 1,2 Generally, the authors achieved an excellent overall success rate in terms of alignment in primary position, with the majority of pati...