We show that accurate sheet resistance measurements on small samples may be performed using microfour-point probes without applying correction factors. Using dual configuration measurements, the sheet resistance may be extracted with high accuracy when the microfour-point probes are in proximity of a mirror plane on small samples with dimensions of a few times the probe pitch. We calculate theo...

BACKGROUND Airways obstruction in premature infants is often assessed by plethysmography, which requires sedation. The interrupter (Rint) technique does not require sedation, but has rarely been examined in children under 2 years of age. OBJECTIVE To compare Rint results with plethysmographic measurements of airway resistance (Raw) in prematurely born, young children. DESIGN Prospective stu...

Field-induced variations of the microwave surface resistance, Rs(H), have been investigated in high-density ceramic MgB2. At low temperatures, several peculiarities of the Rs(H) curves cannot be justified in the framework of models reported in the literature. We suggest that they are ascribable to the unconventional vortex structure in MgB2, related to the presence of two gaps. On the contrary,...

Insulin resistance is a treatable precursor of diabetes and potentially of cardiovascular disease as well. To identify insulin-resistant patients, we developed decision rules from measurements of obesity, fasting glucose, insulin, lipids, and blood pressure and family history in 2,321 (2,138 nondiabetic) individuals studied with the euglycemic insulin clamp technique at 17 European sites; San A...

A transient thermoreflectance technique, using a 200-fs laser pulse, is demonstrated as a nondestructive method for measuring the thermal boundary resistance between a thin metallic film and dielectric substrate. Experimental results are presented for Au deposited on silicon and silicon dioxide substrates taken at room temperature and compared to a thermal model. The relevant thermal properties...

risk of premature mortality and cardiovascular disease in people with diabetes are twice that of non-diabetics, but the role of inflammatory biomarkers such as resistin and crp that used for prediction of these disease is unknown after exercise. so, the aim of the present study was to examine the proinflammatory role of resistin and crp, after aerobic and resistance exercise in patients with ty...

Conductive thin films are an essential component of many electronic devices. Measuring their conductivity accurately is necessary for quality control and process monitoring. We compare measurements on flexible electronics using three different techniques: four-point probe, microwave resonator terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Multiple samples were examined, facilitating the comparison techniq...