Replication of the single-stranded linear DNA genome of parvovirus minute virus of mice (MVM) starts with complementary strand synthesis from the 3'-terminal snap-back telomere, which serves as a primer for the formation of double-stranded replicative form (RF) DNA. This DNA elongation reaction, designated conversion, is exclusively dependent on cellular factors. In cell extracts, we found that...

The RecA proteins of Escherichia coli (Ec) and Deinococcus radiodurans (Dr) both promote a DNA strand exchange reaction involving two duplex DNAs. The four-strand exchange reaction promoted by the DrRecA protein is similar to that promoted by EcRecA, except that key parts of the reaction are inhibited by Ec single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB). In the absence of SSB, the initiation of stra...

RecA protein (product of the recA gene), without the help of any other protein, is able in an ATP-dependent reaction to mediate the entire recombination process including the search for homology, homologous pairing and strand transfer (for a review see Radding, 1982; Howard-Flanders et al., 1984b). In this short review, we describe RecA-DNA complexes and how formation of a RecA complex with sin...

Transcription termination of the human mitochondrial genome requires specific binding to termination factor mTERF. In this study, mTERF was produced in E. coli and purified by two-step chromatography. mTERF-binding DNA sequences were isolated from a pool of randomized sequences by the repeated selection of bound sequences by gel-mobility shift assay and polymerase chain reaction. Sequencing and...

Large DNA palindromes form sporadically in many eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes and are often associated with amplified genes. The presence of a short inverted repeat sequence near a DNA double-strand break has been implicated in the formation of large palindromes in a variety of organisms. Previously we have established that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae a linear DNA palindrome is efficiently...

Asp35Hl, a type II restriction endonuclease, has been isolated from Acidiphilium species 35H. As/?35HI, an isoschizomer of Bsml (1), recognizes the six base non-palindromic sequence 5'GAATGC3', and cleaves one nucleotide outside of the recognition sequence on one strand, and within the recognition sequence on the opposite strand, to generate a two base 3' overhang. The enzyme was purified using...

objective: in this paper, we have introduced topoisomerase inhibitors, mechanism of action and types of them. dna topoisomerases are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze essential enzymes to solve the topological problems accompanying key nuclear processes such as dna replication, transcription, repair and chromatin assembly by introducing temporary single or double strand breaks in the dna. result...

Background: It is estimated that around 15% of the couple at reproductive age are infertile couples, and approximately the half of infertilities are caused by male factor. Defective spermatogenesis is the result of several different disorders, such as endocrinological disorders, disease, malnutrition, genetic defects and maybe environmental condition. Materials and Methods: In this study 60 IVF...