نتایج جستجو برای: purkinje

تعداد نتایج: 7006  

2016
Riccardo Zucca Anders Rasmussen Fredrik Bengtsson

It has been known for a long time that GABAergic Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex, as well as their target neurons in the cerebellar nuclei, are spontaneously active. The cerebellar output will, therefore, depend on how input is integrated into this spontaneous activity. It has been shown that input from climbing fibers originating in the inferior olive controls the spontaneous activity ...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2007
Claire Piochon Theano Irinopoulou Daniel Brusciano Yannick Bailly Jean Mariani Carole Levenes

Among integrative neurons displaying long-term synaptic plasticity, adult Purkinje cells seemed to be an exception by lacking functional NMDA receptors (NMDA-Rs). Although numerous anatomical studies have shown both NR1 and NR2 NMDA-R subunits in adult Purkinje cells, patch-clamp studies failed to detect any NMDA currents. Using more recent pharmacological and immunodetection tools, we demonstr...

2006
Natalia V. Gounko Rob Bakels Dharamdajal Kalicharan Albert Gramsbergen

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and urocortin (UCN) are potent regulators of Purkinje cell dendritic development including spines and synapses. Here, we demonstrate that CRF and UCN increase dendritic spine density in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Specific spine types in Purkinje cells are selectively affected: CRF promotes the mushroom type of spines, whereas at the same time UCN the thin ty...

2015
Anna Dulneva Sheena Lee Peter L. Oliver Katalin Di Gleria Benedikt M. Kessler Kay E. Davies Esther B. E. Becker

The Moonwalker (Mwk) mouse is a model of dominantly inherited cerebellar ataxia caused by a gain-of-function mutation in the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel TRPC3. Here, we report impairments in dendritic growth and synapse formation early on during Purkinje cell development in the Mwk cerebellum that are accompanied by alterations in calcium signaling. To elucidate the molecular eff...

Journal: :Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience 2014
Isabelle Buard Frank W. Pfrieger

Niemann-Pick type C disease is a rare and ultimately fatal lysosomal storage disorder with variable neurologic symptoms. The disease-causing mutations concern NPC1 or NPC2, whose dysfunction entails accumulation of cholesterol in the endosomal-lysosomal system and the selective death of specific neurons, namely cerebellar Purkinje cells. Here, we investigated whether neurodegeneration is preced...

Journal: :American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology 2002
David O Arnar James B Martins

Previous studies have indicated that the endocardium may be responsible for a large portion of ventricular tachycardia (VT) seen with reperfusion of ischemic myocardium. To evaluate the role of the Purkinje system in nonreentrant VT arising from the endocardium after reperfusion, the anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 20 min and then reperfused in 23 dogs after instrumentation...

Journal: :The EMBO journal 2003
Eckhard Flechsig Ivan Hegyi Rainer Leimeroth Armando Zuniga Daniela Rossi Antonio Cozzio Petra Schwarz Thomas Rülicke Jürgen Götz Adriano Aguzzi Charles Weissmann

PrP knockout mice with disruption of only the PrP-encoding region (Zürich I-type) remain healthy, whereas mice with deletions extending upstream of the PrP-encoding exon (Nagasaki-type) suffer Purkinje cell loss and ataxia, associated with ectopic expression of Doppel in brain, particularly in Purkinje cells. The phenotype is abrogated by co-expression of full-length PrP. Doppel is 25% similar ...

Journal: :Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology 2016
Akihiko Nogami

In 1845, Johannes Evangelista Purkinje (Purkyně) discovered gelatinous fibers in the ventricular subendocardium. Later, they were called Purkinje fibers. However, he could not determine the function of that strange tissue and thought it was muscular. In 1906, Sunao Tawara finally described its function as the conducting system (Figure). In the last 3 decades, there has been rapid progress in th...

Journal: :Circulation research 1975
P L Friedman J J Fenoglio A L Wit

The electrophysiological properties of subendocardial Purkinje fibers surviving in myocardial infarcts were studied with intracellular microelectrodes in isolated superfused preparations and correlated with subsequent light and electron microscopic studies. Transmembrane action potentials could always be recorded from one or two cell layers of subendocardial Purkinje fibers in infarcted regions...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 2012
Sung-min Park Esra Tara Kamran Khodakhah

Reciprocal activity between populations of neurons has been widely observed in the brain and is essential for neuronal computation. The different mechanisms by which reciprocal neuronal activity is generated remain to be established. A common motif in neuronal circuits is the presence of afferents that provide excitation to one set of principal neurons and, via interneurons, inhibition to a sec...

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