Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health problem in the United Kingdom (UK) and the limited data available may suggest high prevalence rates (especially of HIV, hepatitis B and C) in the escalating male prison population. Sex, rape and injecting drug use are a part of prison life, yet screening for STIs does not routinely take place and there are inconsistencies in the a...

Male inmates fear being raped most of all. Criminologists have yet to reach consensus on the prevalence of male inmate-on-inmate rape. The leading prevalence studies found that 7-12% of the responding male inmates had been raped an average of nine times. With a national jail and prison population of 2 million at mid-year 2002, the United States likely exposes tens of thousands of male inmates t...

INTRODUCTION There are more than 10 million prison inmates throughout the world and this number is increasing continuously. Prisoners are a particularly vulnerable minority group that has special healthcare needs and demands on healthcare services and providers. The aim of this study was to give an overview of prisoners' healthcare problems leading to emergency department admission, in order to...

Journal publications and conference presentations on prison-based syringe exchange (PSE) programmes were identified by a comprehensive search of electronic databases. Experts involved with development and evaluation of current PSE programmes or policy were contacted for reports, documents and unpublished material. Spanish information on PSE was translated for this review. We identified 14 paper...

The high prevalence of HIV infection among prisoners and pre-trial detainees, combined with overcrowding and sub-standard living conditions sometimes amounting to inhuman or degrading treatment in violation of international law, make prisons and other detention centres a high risk environment for the transmission of HIV. Ultimately, this contributes to HIV epidemics in the communities to which ...

BACKGROUND This is a protocol for a systematic review of the impact of health coaching on changing the health behaviour of offenders. Prisoners are more likely to suffer from health-related issues when compared to the general population. Health coaching has been shown to influence health outcomes of patients with chronic conditions. This review, therefore, aims to assess the effectiveness of he...

prison inmates in the United States is more than four times higher than prevalence in the general U.S. population.1,2 However, the full extent of HIV transmission within prisons is unknown, in part because HIV testing strategies vary across state prison systems.1 The Georgia Department of Corrections has mandated HIV screening of all inmates upon entry since 1988 and offers HIV testing during i...

Almost 10 years ago, attention was drawn to the many pitfalls involved in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in prison settings, based on field experience from the ICRC (International Committee of the Red Cross) (Coninx et al., 1995). Since that time, the ICRC has continued working in the field of TB in prisons, either directly or by supporting the local programmes in different countries. Furth...

This article deals with prison library services in Italy, highlighting national and regional developments over the last twenty-five to thirty years. The article is divided into six parts: (1) a brief history of Italian prison libraries; (2) the structure and organization of the first institutional libraries (in Turin, Rome, Padua, Ravenna, Milan, Treviso, and Sardinia); (3) considerations by th...