Previous studies have demonstrated that a proportion of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine mastitis coproduce toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) and staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC). In this study, molecular genetic analysis of one such strain, RF122, revealed the presence of a 15,891-bp putative pathogenicity island (SaPIbov) encoding the genes for TSST (tst), the SEC bovine variant (...

In this study, 150 isolates of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains have been collected from different major hospitals in Kurdistan region and showed high resistant rates to most tested antibiotics accounting for 98%. There was no isolate that had demonstrated sensitive to all antibiotics, but they manifested with a wide range of resistance to most tested antibiotics ranging from resis...

Background. The identification of site specific genes and functions essential for virulence may provide further understanding of the pathogenesis of pneumococcal disease and potentially reveal novel targets for treatment and prevention. Methods. We screened more than 10 selected serotypes of Streptococus pneumoniae in our chinchilla model of experimental otitis media (EOM), initially using naso...

In Escherichia coli, the biosynthetic pathways of several small iron-scavenging molecules known as siderophores (enterobactin, salmochelins and yersiniabactin) and of a genotoxin (colibactin) are known to require a 4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase (PPTase). Only two PPTases have been clearly identified: EntD and ClbA. The gene coding for EntD is part of the core genome of E. coli, whereas Clb...

(Van Gijsegem et al., 1993)—and these systems differ from the sec-dependent pathway in that their effector moleSt. Louis, Missouri 63110 † Department of Biology cules lack a typical signal sequence. At the same location where LEE has inserted into entero-pathogenic strains (McDaniel et al., 1995) a distinct patho-genicity island, PAI-1, has been identified in a uropatho-" I am the beneficiary o...

Yersinia species were isolated from 65 of 223 free-living small mammals trapped in 10 regions on Honshu Island in Japan. Of the 65 strains isolated, 1 was Yersinia enterocolitica serovar O3, 8 were Y. enterocolitica O5, 6 were Y. enterocolitica O8, 3 were Y. enterocolitica O9, and 1 was Yersinia pseudotuberculosis 4b. Of the six Y. enterocolitica O8 strains, five were positive for autoagglutina...

The Hha/YmoA family of nucleoid-associated proteins is involved in gene regulation in enterobacteria. In Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, virulence genes required for intracellular growth are induced following host cell invasion but the proteins responsible for repressing these genes prior to host cell entry have not been fully identified. We demonstrate here that Hha is the major repre...

BACKGROUND The relationships between connexin 43 (Cx43) expression and clinicopathological factors, epithelial markers, and CpG island methylation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the Cx43 expression related with clinicopathological factors, epithelial markers and methylation status of the Cx43 gene. PATIENTS AND METHODS...

Nucleotide sequence analysis of an approximately 80-kb genomic region revealed an approximately 65-kb locus that bears hallmarks of a pathogenicity island. This locus includes homologues of a type IV secretion system, mobile genetic elements, and known virulence factors. Comparative studies with other Legionella pneumophila strains and serogroups indicated that this approximately 65-kb locus is...