The effects of the herbicide Paraquat were investigated in honey bee larvae with attention focused on oenocytes. Honey bee larvae were exposed to Paraquat at different concentrations in the food: 0, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 µg/kg. In controls, between 24 h and 48 h, oenocytes grew from 630.1 to 1643.8 µm(2) while nuclei changed in size from 124.9 to 245.6 µm(2). At 24 h, Paraquat induced a slight...

The cytotoxic effects of Paraquat, an herbicide refractory to treatment after intentional or accidental contact, were investigated on the human leukemia HL-60 cells. With the establishment of Paraquat injury model of HL-60 cells, trypan blue exclusion assaying was performed to have determined the effects of Paraquat-induced cytotoxicity on HL-60 cells in a concentrationdependent manner. Upon tr...

OBJECTIVES Effect of paraquat on the fatty acid composition (weight percentage) of rat lung was studied with particular reference to the change of hydroxyproline content in the course of paraquat-induced dysfunction and subsequent repair. METHODS Eight-week-old male Wistar rats were administered paraquat at 20 mg/kg body weight subcutaneously, and the wet weight, hydroxyproline content and fa...

Genetic variation in the multidrug resistance gene ABCB1, which encodes the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp), has been associated with Parkinson disease. Our goal was to investigate P-gp transport of paraquat, a Parkinson-associated neurotoxicant. We used in vitro transport models of ATPase activity, xenobiotic-induced cytotoxicity, transepithelial permeability, and rhodamine-123 inhibi...

The chemical composition of paraquat is C12H14N2 and its molecular weight is 186.3. The lipid hydroperoxide induced by paraquat destroys cell membranes and kills the tissue of green plants via an oxidative process, which is initiated by the formation of superoxide as a result of the suppressed reduction of NADP in the course of photosynthesis when exposed to this herbicide. However, outside the...

BACKGROUND Hormone-refractory breast cancer metastatic to bone is a clinically challenging disease associated with high morbidity, poor prognosis, and impaired quality of life owing to pain and skeletal-related events. In a preclinical study using a mouse model of breast cancer and bone metastases, Ra-223 dichloride was incorporated into bone matrix and inhibited proliferation of breast cancer ...

In this paper a review of the most important results on the paraquat resistance mechanism of weeds is given, with special respect on horseweed Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. There is no difference between susceptible and resistant plants in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and in the penetration of paraquat into the chloroplasts. The paraquat resistance is primarily based on higher expression...

BACKGROUND The plasma concentration of paraquat is closely related to the prognosis of patients with paraquat toxication, and the most common cause of death from paraquat poisoning is multiple organ failure (MOF). This study aimed to evaluate therapeutic effect of smecta on the plasma concentrations of paraquat and multi-organ injury induced by paraquat intoxication in rats. METHODS A total o...

Wld(S) is a fusion protein with NAD synthesis activity, and has been reported to protect axonal and synaptic compartments of neurons from various mechanical, genetic and chemical insults. However, whether Wld(S) can protect non-neuronal cells against toxic chemicals is largely unknown. Here we found that Wld(S) significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of bipyridylium herbicides paraquat and diqua...

The main risk of paraquat poisoning is from deliberate ingestion. Serious accidental or occupational poisoning is comparatively rare. We report two patients who had accidental exposure to paraquat, resulting in scrotal burns in both and systemic poisoning in one, while attending to a patient who had ingested paraquat for deliberate self harm.