Purpose: Patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for head-and-neck cancer are often positioned supine on a carbon fibre board to which a thermoplastic mask is attached to immobilise the head and shoulders. For patients unable to tolerate a supine position, we developed a tilting board that accommodates a full-scale head-and-shoulder mask. Materials and methods: Phanto...

introduction: in this study, we intend to use diffuse optical tomography (dot) as a noninvasive, safe and low cost technique that can be considered as a functional imaging method and mention the importance of image reconstruction in accuracy and procession of image. one of the most important and fastest methods in image reconstruction is the boundary element method (bem). this method is introdu...

Neurons exhibit $e\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}x\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}c\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}a\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}b\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}l\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}t\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}y$, the dynamical property that is likewise key to biologically inspired artificial intelligence. The neuromorphic c...

An anthropomorphic head phantom, constructed from a water-equivalent plastic shell with only a spherical target, was modified to include a nonspherical target (pituitary) and an adjacent organ at risk (OAR) (optic chiasm), within 2 mm, simulating the anatomy encountered when treating acromegaly. The target and OAR spatial proximity provided a more realistic treatment planning and dose delivery ...

It has been a long-standing problem in $N$-electron systems as to how solve the Dyson equation with quasiparticle wave functions defined $\ensuremath{\langle}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Psi}}}_{0}^{N}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}|\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\ensuremath{\psi}}_{s}(\mathbit{r})\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}|\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Psi...

Iodine-131 has become an essential radionuclide used in nuclear medicine for clinical and research purposes. The increase use of this diagnostic treatment thyroid diseases creates a demand to obtain feasible methodology occupational or accidental monitoring internal contamination. In study, two techniques were employed find appropriate one vivo bioassay evaluating body content. A scanning Whole...

PURPOSE To investigate the clinical usage of dose verification of Helical Tomotherapy plans by using 2D-array ion chambers, and to develop an efficient way to validate the dose delivered for the patients during treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pixel-segmented ionisation chamber device, IMRT MatriXX™ and Multicube™ phantom from IBA were used on ten selected Tomotherapy IMRT/IGRT head and ne...

We have previously demonstrated the use of Eclipse fluence optimization to define aperture sizes for a novel aperture modulated translating bed total body irradiation (TBI) technique. The purposes of the present study were to identify, characterize, and correct for sources of error inherent in our previous fluence optimization technique, and to develop a clinically viable fluence optimization m...

A model based on a specific phantom, called QuAArC, has been designed for the evaluation of planning and verification systems of complex radiotherapy treatments, such as volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). This model uses the high accuracy provided by the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of log files and allows the experimental feedback from the high spatial resolution of films hosted in QuAArC...

PURPOSE The goal of this work was to evaluate measured vs. calculated surface dose as a function of PTV-to-skin proximity and calculation matrix oxel size, determine effects on plan quality, and provide parameters and levels of uncertainty for clinical use. METHODS A right-sided CTV with the lateral border 5mm from the surface was delineated on the CT data of a head and neck phantom. A 5mm PT...