In practice, clearances in the joints are inevitable due to tolerances, and defects arising from design and manufacturing. In the presence of clearance at a joint, a mechanism gains some additional, uncontrollable degrees of freedom which are the source of error. Moreover, joints undergo wear and backlashes and so cannot be used in precision mechanisms. In this study, the dynamic behaviour of ...

Dynamic pointing and tracking accuracy are the most relevant indicators of dynamic performance for satellite antenna driving mechanism. Multi-clearance coupling in joints will incur high-frequency vibration errors system. Joints existing analytical models generally oversimplified as planar revolute hinges, which ignore effect multi-clearance. It cannot proficiently predict behavior mechanism wi...

Ultrasonography (US), radiography of the kidneys, ureters and bladder (RKUB), intravenous urography (IVU) and especially non-enchanced CT are well established diagnostic modalities in screening patients with urolithiasis, while not always fully diagnostic especially when obstructive uropathy or calculous pyelonephritis are present . Diuretic renal scintigraphy (DRS) can determine obstruction, m...

Introduction: Retention of I-131 in the body of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) has a direct effect on therapeutic outcome of radioiodine therapy. There are several factors that may influence retention time of radioiodine in the body of these patients. In this study we are going to assess effects of administered radioiodine activity, serum thyroid stimulati...

OBJECTIVE: Level of serum homocysteine is remarkably common among patients with moderate to sever renal failure. We assessed whether serum homocysteine concentrations were correlated with proteinuria in overt diabetic nephropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 45 patients (29 males, 16 females) with overt proteinuria. All subjects had type 2 diabetes. Data i...

In general, joints are assumed without clearance in the dynamic analysis of multi-body echanical systems. When joint clearance is considered, the mechanism obtains two uncontrollable degrees of freedom and hence the dynamic response considerably changes. The joints’ clearances are the main sources of vibrations and noise due to the impact of the coupling parts in the joints. Therefore, the syst...

Finite element simulation of stretch flanging process was carried out in order to investigate the effect of process parameters on maximum thinning (%) in stretch flanging process. Influences of initial flange length, punch die clearance, width of sheet metal blank and blank holding force were investigated on maximum thinning (%). Finite element simulation was done using FEM software package ABA...

cystatin c is a 13 kd basic protein that is a member of the cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors. the cystatin c gene seems to be a house keeping gene, which is compatible with a stable production rate of cystatin c by most cells. this protein is freely filtered through the glomerulus and almost completely reabsorbed and catabolized by proximal tubular cells. because of these ch...