This article estimates the effect of labor-market concentration on labor compensation across US private sector since 2000. The authors distinguish between in local markets and product while guarding against bias from confounded product-market concentration. analysis extends beyond wages to rates employment-based health insurance coverage. Reported results suggest negative effects compensation. ...

abstract background: using non-pharmacological pain relief methods for reducing labor pain has always been one of the major concerns in obstetrics and gynecology. objective: comparing the effects of aromatherapy with jasmine and salvia on pain severity and labor outcome in nulliparous women. materials and methods: in this randomized clinical trial, 156 nulliparous women in labor were randomly s...

background labor pain is one of the most intense pains. physiological, personality, psychological, cultural, and environmental factors are related to the labor pain. pain is a strong stressor which can have great impacts on women’s reproductive, mental, and physical health; therefore, its harmful effects should be reduced. thus, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between the ...

Selection power is taken as the fundamental value for information retrieval systems. Selection power is regarded as produced by selection labor, which can itself be decomposed into description and search labor. As forms of mental labor, description and search labor participate in the conditions for labor and for mental labor. Concepts and distinctions applicable to physical and mental labor are...

background: according to the text book of obstetrics and gynecology, prematurity is the first cause of perinatal mortality. therefore postponing delivery will become mandatory to prevent complications of prematurity. parental mgso4 is one of the most common and the safest medications for this purpose. case report: we present a primigravida patient with multiple uterine myoma who had premature l...

preterm birth means the birth before thirty seven week of pregnancy that causes a lot of complications for the baby. variety factors are suggested to be involved in disease. in this study, we decided to evaluate haptoglobin (hp) phenotypes association with clinical features of patients suffered from premature delivery to understand better the possible correlation of genetic and clinical feature...

labor right is one of rights that has been recognized for aliens by generic documents of human rights, conventions of international labor organization(ilo) and internal acts. aliens’ occupation in iran that roots in ancient age, from iran’s membership in ilo until today has moved toward evolution under influence of fundamental labor rights conventions consist of: prohibition of forced labor, no...

in nigeria, most farming activities rely on family labor. however, rural-urban drift and the movement of young people away from agriculture are making labor increasingly pause. thus, labor has become a major constraint to expanding the scope of production by small-scale resource poor farmers. this paper provides an empirical relationship between labor and poverty using data from households. thr...