Drug interactions are often analyzed in terms of isobolograms. In the isobologram, the line connecting the axial points corresponding to the concentrations of two different drugs that produce an effect of the same magnitude is termed an isobole of additivity. Although the isobole of additivity can be a straight line in some special cases, previous work has proposed that it is curvilinear when t...

The interaction of Adriamycin and pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate (AN-9) was investigated in IMR-32 neuroblastoma and MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells. Adriamycin is a widely used anticancer drug, whereas AN-9 is an anticancer agent presently undergoing Phase II clinical trials. The anticancer activity of AN-9 has been attributed to its ability to act as a butyric acid prodrug, although it also rel...

The interaction of Adriamycin and pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate (AN-9) was investigated in IMR-32 neuroblastoma and MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells. Adriamycin is a widely used anticancer drug, whereas AN-9 is an anticancer agent presently undergoing Phase II clinical trials. The anticancer activity of AN-9 has been attributed to its ability to act as a butyric acid prodrug, although it also rel...

Abstract Background Evidence of Plasmodium resistance to some the current anti-malarial agents makes it imperative search for newer and effective drugs combat malaria. Therefore, this study evaluated whether co-administrations xylopic acid-amodiaquine acid-artesunate combinations will produce a synergistic effect. Methods Antiplasmodial effect acid (XA: 3, 10, 30, 100, 150 mg kg ?1 ), artesunat...

An estimated 8 million persons, mainly in Latin America, are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. Existing antiparasitic drugs for Chagas disease have significant toxicities and suboptimal effectiveness, hence new therapeutic strategies need to be devised to address this neglected tropical disease. Due to the high research and development costs of bringing new...

Dipyridamole (DPM) enhanced the sensitivity of human ovarian carcinoma 2008 cells to etoposide (VP-16) producing a 5.5-fold reduction in 50% inhibitory concentration at a DPM concentration of 20 microM. This interaction was shown to be truly synergistic by isobologram and median effect analysis. DPM increased the steady-state VP-16 content of 2008 cells; a DPM concentration of 4 microM increase...

Elevated serum levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and high tumor expression of c-Met are both indicators of poor overall survival from ovarian cancer (OVCA). In the present study, we evaluated the role of the HGF signaling pathway in OVCA cell line chemoresistance and OVCA patient overall survival as well as the influence of HGF/c-Met signaling inhibition on the sensitivity of OVCA cells ...

In this study, the efficacy of pyriproxyfen and spinosad, alone and in combination, was evaluated against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti (L.). Larval bioassays were carried out on susceptible mosquito larvae to determine the concentration-mortality responses of mosquitoes exposed to each insecticide alone and in mixture. Synergism between pyriproxyfen and spinosad was determined by the calcula...

Trifluridine/tipiracil (TFTD) is a combination drug that is used for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and was formerly known as TAS-102. It is a combination of two active pharmaceutical compounds, trifluridine, an antineoplastic thymidine-based nucleoside analog, and tipiracil, which enhances the bioavailability of trifluridine in vivo. TFTD is used for the treatment of patients wi...

Azidothymidine (AZT) and interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) are among the drugs showing strong in vitro activity against the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1). Each drug, however, has significant toxicity against normal marrow progenitor cells that frequently proves dose-limiting in patients. In this study, AZT and recombinant IFN-alpha 2a (rIFN-alpha 2a) were tested as single agents and in...