An operationally simple and environmentally benign formal hydrogenation protocol has been developed using highly abundant iron(iii) salts and an inexpensive, bench stable, stoichiometric reductant, NaBH4, in ethanol, under ambient conditions. This reaction has been applied to the reduction of terminal alkenes (22 examples, up to 95% yield) and nitro-groups (26 examples, up to 95% yield). Deuter...

Levothyroxine is one of the most commonly prescribed medications for the treatment of persons with hypothyroidism and the suppression of thyroid neoplasms.1 Most persons with hypothyroidism require lifelong therapy with levothyroxine. The absorption of levothyroxine after oral administration is about 80%.1 Certain drugs and dietary components2,3 can interfere with the bioavailability of levothy...

Superficial transient discoloration of the dorsum of the tongue may be caused by some foods, beverages and drugs (such as iron salts, bismuth, chlorhexidine, lansoprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin). When such discoloration noticeably affects the posterior dorsum of the tongue with longer filiform papillae and stained dark brown or black, the term ‘black hairy tongue’ is used. Black tongue (l...

BACKGROUND Iron overload cardiomyopathy that prevails in some forms of hemosiderosis is caused by excessive deposition of iron into the heart tissue and ensuing damage caused by a raise in labile cell iron. The underlying mechanisms of iron uptake into cardiomyocytes in iron overload condition are still under investigation. Both L-type calcium channels (LTCC) and T-type calcium channels (TTCC) ...

Among various micro-nutrients, iron plays a major role not only for hemoglobin alone but also for oxidative metabolism and energy production. Hemoglobin functions as a chief oxygen carrier while other iron containing mitochondrial enzymes and respiratory chain proteins are involved in oxidative metabolism and release of energy from carbohydrates and fats. Iron salts have very low bioavailabilit...

Iron is essential to most, if not all, living organisms, and the higher animals and man have employed it for many purposes essential to life. The readiness with which iron undergoes oxidation and reduction is utilized in many of the enzymes of electron transport, and in a number of other enzymes whose function is not understood. Furthermore, the combination of iron with porphyrin and protein le...

Binuclear Fe-complexes that are readily prepared by treating Bu(4)N[Fe(CO)(3)(NO)] with an excess of thiol or from Fe-salts under reductive conditions are potent catalysts for the regioselective allylic sulfenylation. Low catalyst loadings of only 0.25 mol% and reaction temperatures of only 40 °C allow for the coupling of functionalized allylic starting materials with functionalized mercaptans ...

Bioremediation in natural ecosystems is dependent upon the availability of micronutrients and cofactors, of which iron is one of the essential elements. Under aerobic and alkaline conditions, iron oxidizes to Fe(+3) creating iron deficiency. To acquire this essential growth-limiting nutrient, bacteria produce low-molecular-weight, high-affinity iron chelators termed siderophores. In this study,...