To better understand what makes the kidney susceptible to tissue hypoxia, we compared, in the rabbit kidney and hindlimb, the ability of feedback mechanisms governing oxygen consumption (Vo(2)) and oxygen delivery (Do(2)) to attenuate tissue hypoxia during hypoxemia. In the kidney (cortex and medulla) and hindlimb (biceps femoris muscle), we determined responses of whole organ blood flow and Vo...

We tested the hypothesis that fetal cardiovascular responses to hypoxemia change close to full term in relation to the prepartum increase in fetal basal cortisol and investigated, in vivo, the neural and endocrine mechanisms underlying these changes. Fetal heart rate and peripheral hemodynamic responses to 1 h of hypoxemia were studied in 25 chronically instrumented sheep within three narrow ge...

Unusual cause of hypoxemia is presented in a 12 year old boy of Iraqi national. *Corresponding author: Sushil Upadhyay, Asistant Professor, Rama Medical College and Hospital, Pulmonary Medicine, H 104 Swarn Residency, 132 GT Road, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201005, India, Tel: 919899393006; Fax: 911222327311; E-mail: [email protected] Received June 11, 2015; Accepted July 1...

Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) at or near sea level is now recognized to occur in a significant number of fit, healthy subjects of both genders and of varying ages. Our review aims to define EIAH and to critically analyze what we currently understand, and do not understand, about its underlying mechanisms and its consequences to exercise performance. Based on the effects on maximal ...

We studied the effect of pulmonary afferent activity on the heart rate response to a progressive, isocapnic decrease in oxygen saturation (Sao2) in anesthetized rabbits. To abolish the effect of rapidly adapting receptors, we used inhaled bupivacaine aerosol, and to abolish the effect of slowly adapting stretch receptor activity, we used sulfur dioxide insufflation. The heart rate (HR) response...

Transfusion-related acute lung injury is a serious complication of blood transfusions. Herein is a report on a 32-year-old woman who developed diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and acute respiratory compromise after blood transfusion. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema was diagnosed based on data calculated by the hemodynamic monitoring system, but severe hypoxemia persisted despite conventional pres...

OBJECTIVE This case report describes an unusual presentation of right upper lobe atelectasis associated with refractory hypoxemia to conventional alveolar recruitment maneuvers in a patient soon after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. METHOD Case-report. RESULTS The alveolar recruitment with PEEP = 40 cm H2O improved the patient's atelectasis and hypoxemia. CONCLUSION In the presen...

An ever-increasing number of thoracic procedures are being performed through minimally invasive techniques. Although the incidence of hypoxemia during one-lung ventilation (OLV) has decreased over the years, it remains an issue in roughly 10% of cases. Algorithms for the management of OLV hypoxemia have to be adapted to the thoracoscopic approach, in particular the need for optimal surgical exp...

The hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a pulmonary complication of cirrhosis and/or portal hypertension whereby patients develop hypoxemia as a result of alterations in pulmonary microvascular tone and architecture. HPS occurs in up to 30% of patients with cirrhosis. Although the degree of hypoxemia does not reliably correlate with the severity of liver disease, patients with HPS have a higher m...

ABSTRACT       The clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated pneumonia show a wide range variations. It ranges from mild hypoxemia without significant signs respiratory distress, to rapid clinically deteriorating course with severe hypoxemia. Unexplained hypoxemia, associated platypnea, triggers the possibility ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, ranging intrap...