Insulin resistance is recognized as one major feature of metabolic syndrome, and frequently emerges a difficult problem encountered during long-term pharmacological treatment diabetes. often causes organs or tissues, such skeletal muscle, adipose, liver, to become less responsive resistant insulin. Exercise can promote the physiological function those tissues benefits insulin action via increas...

diabetes in man. The development of diabetes during treatment with cortisone and certicotropin.tion of temporary diabetes mellitus in man with pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone; relation to uric acid metabolism. Insulin resistance may or may not be associated with the visible manifestations of allergy to insulin. Although the majority of patients with minor, transitory, allergic reactions t...

Recently, novel inbred mouse strains that are genetically distinct from the commonly used models have been developed from wild-caught mice. These wild-derived inbred strains have been included in many of the large-scale genomic projects, but their potential as models of altered obesity and diabetes susceptibility has not been assessed. We examined obesity and diabetes-related traits in response...

The global epidemic of type 2 diabetes is largely secondary to insulin resistance induced by obesity and sedentary lifestyles. Most insulin-resistant subjects are able to increase b-cell secretion to meet the increased insulin demand and do not develop diabetes. However, when b-cell compensation fails, type 2 diabetes develops (1,2). Understanding the mechanisms of this compensatory response is...

OBJECTIVE Most patients with ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (KPD) discontinue insulin therapy and remain in near-normoglycemic remission. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of glucotoxicity on beta-cell function during remission in obese patients with KPD. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Age- and BMI-matched obese African Americans with a history of KPD (n = 8), severe hyperglycemia...

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether retinal neurodegeneration and impairment in contrast sensitivity (CS), which have been demonstrated to begin in diabetic patients before the presence of signs of diabetic retinal vasculopathy, also occur in the stage of insulin resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The average, minimum and sectoral (inferior, superior, inferonasal, superonasal, inferotemporal and...

Human obesity is associated with an increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA expression in adipose tissue. TNF-alpha decreases insulin-dependent glucose uptake by inhibiting autophosphorylation of the insulin receptor, suggesting that TNF-alpha may play a role in insulin resistance. In this study, we analyzed plasma levels of TNF-alpha in 40 70-year-old men with newly detected non...

In the present study, the key genes and biological functions associated with insulin resistance were investigated by comparing the gene expression profiles of adipose tissue obtained from insulin‑sensitive and insulin‑resistant patients. The gene expression data set GSE20950 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus, including 39 adipose tissue samples obtained from insulin‑sensitive and ...

Human obesity is associated with an increased tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) mRNA expression in adipose tissue. TNF-a decreases insulin-dependent glucose uptake by inhibiting autophosphorylation of the insulin receptor, suggesting that TNF-a may play a role in insulin resistance. In this study, we analyzed plasma levels of TNF-a in 40 70-year-old men with newly detected non–insulin-dependent d...

The mechanism for the development of insulin resistance in normal pregnancy is complex and is associated with serum levels of both progesterone and 17beta-estradiol. However, it remains unclear whether estrogens alone or progestins alone can cause insulin resistance, or whether it is a combination of both which produces this effect. We attempted to determine the role played by progesterone and/...