steel structures are usually built with some defects. according to the standard building codes, the central axes of the bracing members should go through the beam-column joints, however, in most of the braced steel structures, bracing members are unintentionally connected eccentrically. this paper presents a numerical investigation on performance analysis of cbfs (concentrically braced frames) ...

We link covering spaces with the theory of functions of bounded variation, in order to study minimal networks in the plane and Plateau’s problem without fixing a priori the topology of solutions. We solve the minimization problem in the class of (possibly vector-valued) BV functions defined on a covering space of the complement of an (n−2)-dimensional compact embedded Lipschitz manifold S witho...

Thomassen proved that any plane graph of girth 5 is list-colorable from any list assignment such that all vertices have lists of size two or three and the vertices with list of size two are all incident with the outer face and form an independent set. We present a strengthening of this result, relaxing the constraint on the vertices with list of size two. This result is used to bound the size o...

Wavelength division multiplexing has been considered as one of the promising technologies for the future broadband networks. In order to take advantage of the potential of optical transmission in long distance and huge bandwidth in a more cost-efficient way, the concept of wavelength switched end-to-end lightpath has been introduced into optical networks. Such a network is termed as the wavelen...

SAT4J [1] is an open-source library of conflict-driven clause learning SAT solvers in the spirit of GRASP, zChaff and MiniSAT in Java. Its extension to pseudoboolean optimization is done by replacing the resolution performed between clauses by cutting planes, in the spirit of PBChaff [5] or Galena [4]. Compared to the version submitted to the PB05 evaluation, the solver is representing each kin...

We derive an asymptotic solution of the Einstein field equations which describes the propagation of a thin, large amplitude gravitational wave into a curved space-time. The resulting equations have the same form as the colliding plane wave equations without one of the usual constraint equations.

This paper presents a worst case approach for robust geometry and topology optimization of plane frames with global stability constraint. Uncertainty is assumed to exist in the nodal locations cross-sectional areas, values objective constraint functions are relaxed quantile structural responses represented by order statistics given robustness confidence levels. In alleviate difficulty caused me...

vector notation and then give two different representations. The first representation is the regular gradient space; it has the advantage of simplicity but contains important singularities. The second one is just a regular vector (p, 4, r) in 3-D with the constraint that p* + q* + r* = 1. (5) This can represent the normal of any plane in 3-D, with the added complexity that Eq. (5), a quadratic ...

First order flow only available Lower limit on the distance-scaled transverse velocity. Constraint on the immediacy of the surface patch. Constraint on the immediacy of the plane. Constraint on the spin. First order flow and tilt available The direction of the transverse velocity. The immediacy of the surface path. The immediacy of the plane. The spin. First order flow and the immediacy of the ...